新型城镇化背景下川东中小城市人口本地城镇化研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 05:05

本文关键词：新型城镇化背景下川东中小城市人口本地城镇化研究　出处：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,大量农村人口流入东部发达城市寻找就业机会,它在一定程度上促进了我国的城市化进程,但是也存在很多问题。外流人口大部分存在半城镇化的状态,没有享受到与城镇人口均等的保障;人口大量的异地化,造成当地人力资源流失,农村空巢现象严重;流入人口给大城市带来的资源环境压力,交通拥堵,环境污染,人口爆炸等。2012年11月,党的“十八大”报告提出新型城镇化,跟传统城镇化相比,它更加重视城镇化质量,强调适度和健康的城镇化发展速度。本文研究的本地城镇化是区别于异地城镇化的另一种人口流转的方式,它不仅可以缓解异地城镇化带来的问题,也符合新型城镇化的目标指向。所以本文探讨的人口本地城镇化具有重要的意义。本文着眼于新型城镇化背景下的川东中小城市人口流动态势,总结本地城镇化的特征与路径。近年来中小城市人口集聚状态加剧,逐渐成为新型城镇化的重要层级。川东地区是人口聚集度较高的区域,同时也是历年人口外流较严重的区域,随着近年川东地区崛起和沿海地区经济的懈怠,川东地区人口有回流趋势,因此本文以川东中小城市人口本地城镇化为例。首先通过宏观统计数据对川东中小城市的人口、GDP、城镇化率等指标进行分析,发现川东中小城市经济实力较弱,人口外流严重等问题。然后通过对比分析近年人口流动和劳动力就业情况,得出川东地区人口流动趋势,即人口流出的增量速度在迅速减缓,外出人口数量正趋近一个相对稳定的底线数值;新生代和老一代农民工呈现不同的流动心态;人口由沿海向内地大城市回流趋势明显。其次总结了川东中小城市人口本地城镇化的现状,采用“理论+田野调查”的方式解析了川东中小城市人口本地城镇化特点及面临问题,为后续川东地区城市规划提供参考。通过对农村居民点的田野调查,了解现状川东农村劳动力的分布、就业、回流、择居等情况,分析了川东中小城市人口本地城镇化面临的经济发展较弱和人口大量外流,资金缺乏而难以支撑相当数量人口的本地城镇化等主要问题。第三,结合上述问题,对新时期川东中小城市人口“本地城镇化”的路径展开论述,探索出以“地级市+县城”为主,中心镇为补充的承载地选择;利用城乡差异梯度转移人口;优化城镇体系空间组织模式;寻找本地城镇化的具体表征方式。最后针对人口本地城镇化后制度保障问题进行了探讨,总结出以经济发展作为主要动力;以制度和政策创新作为坚实后盾;以基础设施完善作为重要保障。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, a large number of rural population into the eastern developed cities in search of employment opportunities, it has to a certain extent promoted the process of urbanization in China. However, there are also many problems. Most of the outflow population exists in the state of semi-urbanization and does not enjoy the guarantee of equality with the urban population; The exotism of a large number of population, resulting in the loss of local human resources, rural empty nest phenomenon is serious; In November 2012, the report of the 18 National Congress of the Party proposed a new type of urbanization, compared with the traditional urbanization, which is caused by the pressure of resources and environment, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, population explosion and so on. It pays more attention to the quality of urbanization and emphasizes the moderate and healthy speed of urbanization. It can not only alleviate the problems caused by urbanization in different places. It is also in line with the goal of new urbanization. Therefore, the population urbanization discussed in this paper is of great significance. This paper focuses on the population flow situation of small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan under the new urbanization background. Summary of the characteristics and path of local urbanization. In recent years, population agglomeration in small and medium-sized cities has become an important level of new urbanization. East Sichuan is a region with high population concentration. At the same time, it is also the region where the outflow of population is serious in the past years. With the rise of East Sichuan in recent years and the economic slack of coastal areas, the population of East Sichuan has a tendency to return. Therefore, this paper takes the local urbanization of small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan as an example. Firstly, through the macro statistical data, this paper analyzes the population GDP, urbanization rate and other indicators of small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan. Find that the economic strength of small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan is weak and the population outflow is serious. Then through the comparative analysis of population mobility and employment in recent years, we can get the trend of population mobility in East Sichuan. That is, the increment of population outflow is slowing down rapidly, and the number of migrant population is approaching a relatively stable bottom line value. The new generation and the old generation of migrant workers present different mobile mentality; The trend of population returning from coastal to inland big cities is obvious. Secondly, the present situation of population urbanization in small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan is summarized. This paper analyzes the local urbanization characteristics and problems of the population of small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan by using the method of "theoretical field survey", which provides a reference for the follow-up urban planning in eastern Sichuan, and through the field survey of rural residential areas. Understand the distribution of rural labor force in East Sichuan, employment, return, housing selection and other situations, analyzed the small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan facing the weak economic development of urbanization and a large number of population outflow. Lack of funds is difficult to support the local urbanization of a considerable number of people and other major problems. Thirdly, combined with the above problems, the "local urbanization" path of the population of the small and medium-sized cities in East Sichuan in the new period is discussed. To explore the "prefecture-level cities and counties" as the main, the central town as a supplementary carrier of the choice; Using the gradient of urban and rural differences to transfer population; Optimizing the spatial organization model of urban system; Finally, the paper discusses the institutional protection of local urbanization and concludes that economic development is the main driving force. Take the system and the policy innovation as the solid backing; To improve infrastructure as an important guarantee.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.21

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