跨国收入差异及全要素生产率增长的影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-01-10 13:10

本文关键词：跨国收入差异及全要素生产率增长的影响因素分析　出处：《财政研究》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文从对跨国人均GDP差异的现实分析出发,首先利用Shorrocks经典的不平等分解方法对最新的权威国际经济数据库进行分析,结果显示劳均GDP或劳动生产率对跨国人均GDP差异影响显著;对劳均GDP差异因素分解,结果表明TFP对其影响力在逐步上升,尤其对于中高收入组国家。其次,通过建立TFP增长的跨国面板数据模型,系统分析TFP增长率背后的决定因素,实证结果表明:有利于提高TFP增长率的解释变量包括城市化率、贸易开放度、外商直接投资、政府教育投入,不利于TFP增长率的解释变量包括资本品价格、宏观税负、老龄化人口比例、高等教育失业人口比例、商业银行不良贷款率。互联网经济、低学历失业者对不同收入组国家TFP增长的影响不同。基于实证分析结论,文章对中国未来提高TFP提出相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the realistic analysis of the differences of GDP per capita across countries, this paper first analyzes the latest authoritative international economic database by using the classical inequality decomposition method of Shorrocks. The results showed that the labor average GDP or labor productivity had a significant effect on the per capita GDP difference among different countries. The results show that the influence of TFP on GDP is increasing gradually, especially in the middle and high income group countries. Secondly, the transnational panel data model of TFP growth is established. This paper systematically analyzes the determinants behind the growth rate of TFP, and the empirical results show that the explanatory variables conducive to increasing the growth rate of TFP include urbanization rate, trade openness, foreign direct investment, and government investment in education. The explanatory variables that are not conducive to the growth rate of TFP include the price of capital goods, the macro tax burden, the proportion of aging population, the proportion of unemployed people in higher education, the non-performing loan ratio of commercial banks and the Internet economy. The influence of the unemployed with low education on the TFP growth in different income groups is different. Based on the conclusion of empirical analysis, this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations for China to improve TFP in the future.
【作者单位】：中国财政科学研究院宏观经济研究中心;
【分类号】：F113.8;F224
【正文快照】： 一、引言人类生活水平的差异是相对较近时期出现的现象,马尔萨斯理论解释了生活水平在1800年前相对比较稳定的事实,当产出增长时,人口会相应作出调整从而使生活水平保持在正常水平,尽管1800年前一些先进的技术提高了单位小时产出,但是并未促进生活水平的持续增长,人口不断增加

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