新型城镇化背景下城市基础设施供给效率研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 23:16

本文选题：新型城镇化　切入点：城市基础设施　出处：《天津商业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城镇化是我国经济结构性变化的根本推动力,将从供给和需求两方面影响经济增长,城市基础设施供给的技术状态、功能负荷直接影响着城市社会经济系统运行的综合效率,供给水平决定着新型城镇化的质量。本文在国内外相关文献研究基础之上,以研究如何实现城市基础设施供给与新型城镇化协同发展为目的,分析我国城市基础设施供给缺口,深入剖析缺口存在的原因,论证提高城市基础设施供给效率的必要性,构建效率评价模型,重点探究如何提高城市基础设施供给效率。首先,用1975-2015年直观数据展现我国传统城镇化取得的成果与存在的问题,提出新型城镇化对城市基础设施供给的新要求,论证城市基础设施供给在新型城镇化进程中的重要地位。其次,分析目前城市基础设施供给水平与新型城镇化带来的新增需求缺口。一方面大致说明民众对于城市基础设施供给的满意程度;另一方面,用直观统计数据说明我国目前城市基础设施存量供给现状,并与《国家新型城镇化规划2012-2020》中城市基础设施的目标规模予以对比,分析按此速度发展是否能达到规划目标规模,同时,将规划中没有提到的指标与发达国家之间予以比较,得出结论,我国目前城市基础设施供给总量不足,区域结构失衡。综合分析我国现供给需求缺口存在的具体原因,排除区域间经济发展程度差距较大这一重要不可逆原因,主要有几下点:一是投资主体单一,有效竞争缺乏;二是融资渠道狭窄;三是地方政府重增长轻发展。论证提高城市基础设施供给效率在经济转轨投入受约束大背景下对提高城市基础设施供给水平的重要性。再次,对城市基础设施供给效率予以评价。选取城市维护建设资金支出中的维护支出、城市市政公用设施建设固定资产投资额、城市建设人力投入作为城市基础设施供给投入指标;选取能代表城市综合承载力的城市基础设施指标作为产出指标,基于DEA对除拉萨外的23个省会城市、3个自治区首府、4个直辖市投入产出效率进行截面静态评价,基于Malmquist指数对我国2008-2014年各地区的效率变化进行动态评价,评价结果表明:我国整体城市基础设施供给效率未达最优,东部地区较中、西部地区有效,近年供给效率有小幅度提高,但来源主要是纯技术进步变化,技术效率变化不大,说明要提高我国城市基础设施供给效率,应提高资源使用效率、政府的管理水平等多方面综合能力,而非盲目加大投入;深入分析供给过程效率不高的原因有以下几点:一是重投入轻维护,管理过于集中;二是资源整合力不强,运作效率低下;三是存量资产未盘活。最后,结合城市基础设施供给效率未达最优的具体原因分析,借鉴东部城市先进管理经验,提出针对性政策建议。一是整合政府资源,提高管理水平;二是控制规模,提高规模效率;三是创新技术,提高技术效率;四是完善建后管护机制。以期为提高我国城市基础设施供给效率提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is the fundamental driving force of China's economic structural changes, from two aspects of supply and demand affect economic growth, technical status of city infrastructure supply, the function of load directly affects the comprehensive efficiency of the city social and economic system, the supply level determines the quality of the new urbanization. Based on the related literature at home and abroad on the basis of the study in order to study, how to realize the city infrastructure and new urbanization coordinated development, analysis of the gap of city infrastructure supply in China, in-depth analysis of the reasons for the gap exists, it is necessary to improve the urban infrastructure supply efficiency, establish the efficiency evaluation model, and focus on how to improve the city infrastructure supply efficiency. First of all, show the traditional China's urbanization achievements and problems with 1975-2015 years of visual data, put forward the new urbanization of city infrastructure The new requirements of supply, the important position of demonstration city infrastructure in the new urbanization process. Secondly, the analysis of the current level of city basic facilities supply and new urbanization brings new demand gap. On the one hand can tell the satisfaction for the city public infrastructure supply; on the other hand, the city infrastructure stock supply the status quo of China's visual and statistical data, and the "national new urbanization plan 2012-2020> in city infrastructure scale are compared, analyzed according to the speed of development can achieve the planning target scale, at the same time, the planning is not mentioned between the index and the developed country comparison, concluded that China's total city the current infrastructure supply shortage, imbalance of regional structure. The comprehensive analysis of the specific reasons of China's current supply and demand gap exists, excluding the degree of economic development between regions A larger gap between this important irreversible reason, there are several main points: one is the single investment, lack of effective competition; two is the narrow financing channels; three is the local government heavy growth light development. Improve the demonstration of city infrastructure supply efficiency in the transition into the constrained background of importance to improve the supply level of city facilities based. Again, comment on the city infrastructure supply efficiency. Select the city maintenance and construction fund expenditures in the maintenance expenditure, city municipal utilities construction investment in fixed assets, city construction manpower as the city infrastructure investment index; to select a representative city comprehensive city infrastructure capacity index as output index, DEA the 23 capital city in Lhasa on the 3, the capital of the autonomous region, section static evaluation of the input-output efficiency of 4 municipalities, based on Malmquist The number of the dynamic evaluation of the efficiency change of China's 2008-2014 years in all regions, the evaluation results show that the overall efficiency of city infrastructure supply in China has not reached the optimal, the eastern region than in the western region, effective supply efficiency in small increase, but is the main source of pure technological progress, technical efficiency change, to to improve the efficiency of city infrastructure in our country, we should improve the efficiency of resource use, the management level of government and other aspects of the comprehensive ability, rather than blindly increase investment; in-depth analysis of the reasons for the inefficiency of supply process are the following: one is the input light weight maintenance, management is too centralized; the two is the integration of resources is not strong. The operation efficiency is low; the three is to revitalize the stock of assets not. Finally, combined with the analysis of the specific reasons for city infrastructure supply efficiency was not optimal, from the eastern city of advanced management experience, put forward specific policy The first is to integrate government resources and improve management level; the two is to control scale and scale efficiency; the three is to innovate technology and improve technical efficiency; the four is to improve the post construction management and protection mechanism, so as to provide reference for improving the efficiency of urban infrastructure supply in China.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F299.24

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