大连市城市规模效益分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 01:38

本文选题：大连市 + 城市规模效益　；参考：《东北财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国自改革开放以来,城市发展取得了显著成就,大城市、特大城市不论是在国内还是国际上都产生了巨大影响,城市经济发展迅速。但是城市发展除了表现在数量上以外,还应表现在城市质量上,也就是城市规模效益的提高。城市规模效益是指城市规模因素与其经济社会效益之间的相互关系,是城市经济学的重要范畴。城市规模包含人口规模、土地规模和投资规模三方面要素,城市在人口、土地及投资规模等方面的快速扩张促进了我国城市经济的迅速发展,给个人和企业带来了巨大的经济利益和社会福利,如多种多样的商品和服务等。但我国城市规模的主要矛盾也逐渐显现出来,那就是城市规模效益低下,空间效率较低,城市人口密度低于发达国家。中国经过改革开放30多年的发展已有很多现代化大城市,但与国外经济发达国家的城市如美国纽约、日本东京、韩国首尔等相比,中国城市在人口集中度、城市空间利用效率和城市经济发展等方面的相对规模仍然还有很大差距。这些都说明中国城市规模的提升空间还很巨大,中国城市规模效益的提高也还有很大潜力。本文拟在前人的研究成果基础之上,从城市的人口规模、土地规模和投资规模与城市效益关系的角度出发,结合大连市1994-2013年之间的市辖区统计数据,利用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数对大连市城市规模效益进行深入系统的理论分析和实证考察,通过论证人口规模、土地规模及投资规模对大连市城市规模效益的贡献程度,来判断大连市城市规模效益是否存在及作用强度。第一章为绪论,首先说明了关于城市规模效益的选题背景和研究意义,接着归纳了国内外关于城市规模效益的研究成果和研究现状,同时提出了自己的研究内容、基本框架以及创新与不足。第二章为城市规模效益的经济学分析,这是本文的理论基础。首先,利用经济增长的相关理论来阐述人口、土地、资本是如何对城市规模效益产生影响的；接着,利用城市规模经济理论中的集聚经济、范围经济和关联经济来解释城市规模效益的表现和原因；最后,在外部性理论中阐明了由于负外部性影响的存在会削弱集聚经济力量,从而降低了空间集聚的整体经济效果,即削弱了城市规模效益,同时也说明了城市并不是规模越大效益越高。第三章则解释说明了城市规模效益的内在机理,并具体分析了人口规模、土地规模及投资规模与城市效益之间的影响关系。第四章阐述了构建城市规模效益模型的设定思想,并利用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数对大连市城市规模效益进行了实证分析,是本文的重点,主要对大连市人口规模、土地规模及投资规模对大连市城市规模效益的影响进行研究,了解大连市人口、土地及投资对大连市城市规模效益的贡献情况,为提高大连市城市规模效益提供强有力的数据支持。第五章则具体分析了国外城市规模效益的现状,并与大连城市规模效益的现状做了对比,总结了提高大连城市规模效益的可借鉴经验。第六章是本文的政策建议部分,根据人口规模、土地规模及投资规模对大连市城市规模效益影响的模型估计结果,主要从城市人口政策、土地利用集约化、城市经济建设和沿海经济带建设等角度出发,为大连市提高城市规模效益提供有意义的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since China's reform and opening up, the urban development has made remarkable achievements. Big cities and megacities have great impact on both domestic and international, and the urban economy has developed rapidly. But in addition to the number of urban development, urban development should also be shown in the urban quality, that is, the improvement of urban scale efficiency. Interest refers to the relationship between urban scale factors and their economic and social benefits. It is an important category of urban economics. Urban scale includes three aspects of population scale, land scale and investment scale. The rapid expansion of urban population, land and investment scale has promoted the rapid development of urban economy in China, and gives individuals and the scale of the urban economy. Enterprises have brought huge economic benefits and social welfare, such as various kinds of goods and services. But the main contradictions of urban scale in our country are gradually emerging, that is, the urban scale efficiency is low, the space efficiency is low, the urban population density is lower than the developed countries. China has been modernized for more than 30 years after the reform and opening up. Big cities, but compared with the cities of developed countries such as New York in the United States, Tokyo in Japan, and Seoul in South Korea, Chinese cities still have a large gap in the relative size of population concentration, urban space utilization efficiency and urban economic development. These indicate that the urban scale of Chinese cities is still very large, and the cities of China are still very large. On the basis of the previous research results, this paper, based on the population size, land scale, investment scale and urban efficiency of the city, combined with the statistical data of the city area between 1994-2013 years in Dalian, uses the Cobb Douglas production function to the scale of Dalian City The benefit carries on the thorough systematic theoretical analysis and the empirical study, by demonstrating the contribution degree of the population scale, the land scale and the investment scale to the urban scale benefit of Dalian City, to judge whether the city scale benefit of Dalian is existing and the strength of action. Then it summarizes the research achievements and research status of urban scale efficiency at home and abroad, and puts forward its own research content, basic framework and innovation and deficiency. The second chapter is the economic analysis of urban scale efficiency, which is the theoretical basis of this article. First, the theory of economic growth is used to explain population, land, and the theory of economic growth. How does capital affect the scale efficiency of the city; then, using the agglomeration economy in the urban scale economy theory, the scope economy and the related economy to explain the performance and reasons of the urban scale benefit; finally, in the externality theory, it is clarified that the existence of negative externality will weaken the agglomeration economic force and thus reduce the economic strength. The overall economic effect of the spatial agglomeration, that is, weaken the urban scale benefit, and also shows that the city is not the larger the scale, the higher the efficiency. The third chapter explains the inner mechanism of the urban scale benefit, and analyzes the relationship between the scale of the population, the scale of the land and the scale of the investment and the efficiency of the city. The fourth chapter expatiates on the relationship between the scale of the population, the scale of the land and the benefit of the city. Establishing the idea of setting up the model of urban scale benefit, and using Cobb Douglas production function to make an empirical analysis on the scale efficiency of Dalian City, is the key point of this paper. It mainly studies the impact of the scale of population, the scale of land and the scale of investment on the scale efficiency of Dalian city in Dalian, and understand the population, land and land of Dalian. The contribution of investment to the scale efficiency of Dalian city provides strong data support for improving the urban scale efficiency of Dalian city. The fifth chapter analyzes the present situation of the scale efficiency of the cities in foreign countries, and compares it with the present situation of the urban scale efficiency in Dalian, and summarizes the experience of improving the scale efficiency of the city of Dalian. Sixth chapters It is the policy suggestion part of this article. According to the model estimates of the impact of population size, land scale and investment scale on the scale efficiency of Dalian City, it is mainly from the angle of urban population policy, land use intensification, urban economic construction and coastal economic belt construction, which will provide a meaningful way to improve the urban scale efficiency of Dalian city. Policy recommendations.

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.27

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