美国包容性住房实践及保障机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 13:33

本文选题：包容性住房 + 可负担住房　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国大力推进保障性住房建设,地方政府为减少公共财政压力,开始在住房保障中引入市场机制,应用配建模式,即要求开发商在商品房项目中配建一定比例的保障性住房。在核心要求和做法上与配建模式相似的美国包容性住房常被国内研究引用,做为学习对象,但关于包容性住房的具体实践和其在美国背景下受到的保障机制的研究尚有深入空间,针对这些内容进行研究有利于理解包容性住房在美国成功的原因,进一步思考其中哪些内容可以学习借鉴。本文以解析包容性住房的实践案例及运作中的保障机制作为研究目的。本文主要研究内容界定为包容性住房自身内容与外在的保障机制,通过文献和案例的分析归纳法进行研究。其内容包括:首先整体梳理美国包容性住房的相关概念、产生背景和发展历程,探讨其法律制度基础与执行机构,作为基础研究。然后根据包容性住房的强制性或自愿性的管制性质、基于区划或基于条例的管制形式划分其类型,选取有代表性的案例详细分析,包括对包容性住房的规划项目或条例、相关法律及政策、实施环节的措施的深入剖析,对比总结出包容性住房涵盖的六项主要内容。最后在此基础上分析包容性住房涉及的规划、实施和法制的关系及三者对各项内容的支持和保障,构成包容性住房的完整保障机制,在分析该保障机制如何使包容性住房顺应市场规则,充分利用自由市场经济中的市场动力时,本研究发现了该机制内含的两条线索,即在美国法制背景下由法律授权的公权和受法律保障的私权分别影响包容性住房的规划编制和实施策略,最终达成平衡一致的目标,使包容性住房生效。本文研究结果较为清晰地总结出了包容性住房的保障机制,并明确了该机制在规划、实施和法制三个层面对包容性住房六项主要内容的保障方式,分析了该机制使包容性住房立足美国的自由市场经济制度和法制背景中不断发展并取得成效的原因。该结果亦可对国内“学习国外经验完善配建模式”的相关研究做出一定支持,间接为我国保障性住房建设做出贡献。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our country has vigorously promoted the construction of affordable housing. In order to reduce the pressure of public finance, local governments began to introduce market mechanisms into housing security and apply the construction model. That is, developers in commercial housing projects to build a certain proportion of affordable housing. Inclusive housing in the United States, which is similar to the building model in core requirements and practices, is often cited in domestic research as a learning object. But there is still room for further research on the specific practices of inclusive housing and the safeguards it receives in the context of the United States, and research on these elements will help to understand the reasons for the success of inclusive housing in the United States. Further thinking about what can be learned from the content. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the practical cases of inclusive housing and the security mechanism in operation. The main content of this paper is defined as inclusive housing content and external security mechanism, through literature and case analysis induction method to study. The contents include: firstly, the related concepts of inclusive housing in the United States, the background and development process, and the legal system foundation and enforcement agency are discussed as the basic research. Then, according to the mandatory or voluntary regulatory nature of inclusive housing, the type of regulation is based on zoning or regulation-based forms of regulation, and representative case studies are selected, including planning projects or regulations for inclusive housing, Related laws and policies, the implementation of measures in-depth analysis, summed up the inclusive housing covers six main contents. Finally, based on the analysis of the relationship between planning, implementation and legal system of inclusive housing, and the support and security of the three elements, it constitutes a complete security mechanism of inclusive housing. In analyzing how the mechanism can make inclusive housing conform to the market rules and make full use of the market dynamics in the free market economy, this study finds two clues in the mechanism. That is, under the background of American legal system, the public right authorized by law and the private right protected by law respectively affect the planning and implementation strategy of inclusive housing, and finally reach the goal of balance and consensus, and make inclusive housing effective. The research results of this paper clearly sum up the security mechanism of inclusive housing, and clarify how the mechanism guarantees the six main contents of inclusive housing at the three levels of planning, implementation and legal system. This paper analyzes the reasons why the mechanism makes inclusive housing based on the free market economic system and legal system of the United States. The results can also provide some support for the study of "learning from foreign experiences and perfecting the construction model", and contribute indirectly to the construction of affordable housing in China.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.712

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