民国太原城市变迁下的市民生活研究
发布时间：2018-08-06 16:36
【摘要】：近代是中国城市转型发展的时期,逐渐开放的城市受到西方国家体制文化的影响,城市组织、形态、功能发生了转变。特别是沿海沿江的上海、广州等城市,最早开始了近代化进程。然而在动荡的政治和二元型经济环境下,城市发展并不均衡,居于内陆的非开放城市少有与西方交流的机会,继续延续着传统城市的发展轨迹。特别是到了民国时期,整个国家政治体制发生根本性变化,带动了传统城市的近代化进程。那么在这场变革中,城市市民的生活发生了怎样的改变,生活水平是否因改革而提高,抑或因动荡而降低?本文根据民国时期山西太原城市居民的生活状况,考察和推测城市近代化对人民生活的影响。本文在民国太原城市近代化变迁背景下,对太原居民的职业结构进行了分析,并根据市民消费水平,计算了恩格尔系数,以考察市民生活水平；根据职业分类和总消费量,计算了生活费差异系数,以考察贫富差距。从指标系数来看,当时市民生活水平多处于富裕阶层,贫富差距较大。然而分析具体的居民消费结构时,却发现居民消费多以生存性消费为主,与指标上计算出的富裕水平相矛盾。通过对具体的消费项目进行分析,延伸到提供这些消费的行业发展,与消费结构基本一致,未能解决矛盾。最终从太原原始资本积累阶段的特征入手,发现原始资本积累阶段的发展模式,对人民生活水平的提高具有一种反作用力,这种反作用力抵消了一部分生活从经济发展中的获益。资本积累的另一个负面影响是资本快速并大量的集中到少数人和少数行业中,使收入差距拉大,为社会稳定埋下了隐患。文章运用了数理统计的方法,对生活费进行了计算并绘图,以说明指标性问题。并挖掘出丰富的一手史料,对其进行分析和论证。文章对民国太原居民生活的研究使城市史的研究方向从宏观的经济研究转向微观的居民生活研究,从中国近代沿海城市的研究转向中部传统城市的研究,从描述性研究转向数理统计研究。分析了传统的中部城市在近代化发展过程中的特点及其对居民生活水平的影响。
[Abstract]:Modern China is a period of urban transformation and development. The gradually open cities are influenced by the western countries' institutional culture, and the urban organization, form and function have changed. Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities along the river along the coast, in particular, began the process of modernization. However, in the turbulent political and dualistic economic environment, the urban development is not balanced, and the non-open cities living in the interior have few opportunities to communicate with the West, which continues the development track of the traditional cities. Especially in the period of the Republic of China, the whole national political system underwent fundamental changes, which led to the modernization of traditional cities. So in this change, what has happened to the life of urban residents, whether the standard of living has been improved because of the reform, or because of the turbulence and decline? Based on the living conditions of the urban residents in Taiyuan, Shanxi during the period of the Republic of China, this paper investigates and speculates the influence of urban modernization on people's life. Under the background of urban modernization in the Republic of China, this paper analyzes the occupation structure of Taiyuan residents, and calculates Engel's coefficient according to the consumption level of the citizens, in order to investigate the standard of living of the citizens, according to the occupation classification and the total consumption. The coefficient of cost-of-living difference is calculated to investigate the gap between rich and poor. From the index coefficient, at that time, the standard of living was in the rich class, the gap between rich and poor. However, when analyzing the specific consumption structure of residents, it is found that the residents' consumption is mainly survivability consumption, which contradicts the level of affluence calculated on the index. Through the analysis of the specific consumption items, it extends to the development of the industries providing these consumption, which is basically consistent with the consumption structure and fails to solve the contradiction. Finally, starting with the characteristics of the primitive capital accumulation stage in Taiyuan, it is found that the development mode of the primitive capital accumulation stage has a counterproductive effect on the improvement of the people's living standard. This reaction counteracts some of life's benefits from economic development. Another negative impact of capital accumulation is that capital is rapidly concentrated in a small number of people and a small number of industries, making the income gap widen, and laying hidden dangers for social stability. In this paper, the method of mathematical statistics is used to calculate and draw the cost of living in order to explain the problem of index. And excavates the rich historical material, carries on the analysis and the argument to it. The research on the life of Taiyuan residents in the Republic of China has turned the research direction of urban history from macro-economic research to micro-resident life research, from the modern coastal city of China to the central traditional city. From descriptive research to mathematical statistics. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the traditional central cities in the process of modernization and their influence on the living standards of the residents.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.29
本文编号：2168320
[Abstract]:Modern China is a period of urban transformation and development. The gradually open cities are influenced by the western countries' institutional culture, and the urban organization, form and function have changed. Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities along the river along the coast, in particular, began the process of modernization. However, in the turbulent political and dualistic economic environment, the urban development is not balanced, and the non-open cities living in the interior have few opportunities to communicate with the West, which continues the development track of the traditional cities. Especially in the period of the Republic of China, the whole national political system underwent fundamental changes, which led to the modernization of traditional cities. So in this change, what has happened to the life of urban residents, whether the standard of living has been improved because of the reform, or because of the turbulence and decline? Based on the living conditions of the urban residents in Taiyuan, Shanxi during the period of the Republic of China, this paper investigates and speculates the influence of urban modernization on people's life. Under the background of urban modernization in the Republic of China, this paper analyzes the occupation structure of Taiyuan residents, and calculates Engel's coefficient according to the consumption level of the citizens, in order to investigate the standard of living of the citizens, according to the occupation classification and the total consumption. The coefficient of cost-of-living difference is calculated to investigate the gap between rich and poor. From the index coefficient, at that time, the standard of living was in the rich class, the gap between rich and poor. However, when analyzing the specific consumption structure of residents, it is found that the residents' consumption is mainly survivability consumption, which contradicts the level of affluence calculated on the index. Through the analysis of the specific consumption items, it extends to the development of the industries providing these consumption, which is basically consistent with the consumption structure and fails to solve the contradiction. Finally, starting with the characteristics of the primitive capital accumulation stage in Taiyuan, it is found that the development mode of the primitive capital accumulation stage has a counterproductive effect on the improvement of the people's living standard. This reaction counteracts some of life's benefits from economic development. Another negative impact of capital accumulation is that capital is rapidly concentrated in a small number of people and a small number of industries, making the income gap widen, and laying hidden dangers for social stability. In this paper, the method of mathematical statistics is used to calculate and draw the cost of living in order to explain the problem of index. And excavates the rich historical material, carries on the analysis and the argument to it. The research on the life of Taiyuan residents in the Republic of China has turned the research direction of urban history from macro-economic research to micro-resident life research, from the modern coastal city of China to the central traditional city. From descriptive research to mathematical statistics. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the traditional central cities in the process of modernization and their influence on the living standards of the residents.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.29
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 罗澍伟;;近代中国的区域与城市[J];城市史研究;1996年Z1期
2 田鸿钧;中国资本原始积累的特点[J];经济经纬;1994年04期
3 侯仲凯;何卓静;;恩格尔系数和幸福指数分析[J];现代商贸工业;2011年19期
，本文编号：2168320
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/hongguanjingjilunwen/2168320.html
