珠海某口岸进口糕点饼干类食品安全状况及监管对策研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 08:23
【摘要】：以珠海某一口岸进口糕点饼干类食品作为研究对象,通过现场查验与抽样检测(包括标签、理化、微生物等方面的指标)等手段,全面了解其安全卫生状况,发现问题并分析原因,对目前进口食品检验监管情况及存在的具体问题作进一步的探讨和研究,提出合适的检验监管对策。对2013年6月至2014年5月进口的816批次糕点饼干类食品进行分析检验(标签方面),涉及贸易国家(地区)共15个,重量2651吨,货值677万美元。检验结果为:标签检验不合格共153批次,不合格率18.7%,涉及贸易国家(地区)共10个,重量180.9吨,货值70.4万美元。不合格的原因有:未印有中文标识或货物包装标识不符合入境检验要求。后续处理措施主要为在检验检疫局的监管下企业加贴合格的中文标签。对进口预包装食品标签的检验监管提出以下建议:(1)加强技术法规建设,完善食品标签规范体系;(2)加强法规标准培训,提升食品标签质量;(3)落实企业主体责任,依法处罚违法行为。对研究期间进口的816批次糕点饼干类食品实行实验室抽批检验:理化项目包括酸价、过氧化值、总砷、铅和黄曲霉毒素B1;微生物指标包括菌落总数、大肠菌群、霉菌计数、致病菌(沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌);食品添加剂根据货物实际情况主要检测了防腐剂、抗氧化剂和着色剂。检验结果为:不合格批次为11批次,不合格率为1.4%。涉及贸易国家有马来西亚、菲律宾和印度尼西亚,重量为31.6吨,货值6.7万美元。不合格原因主要有:微生物项目不合格和食品添加剂超标。后续处理措施主要有退货处理和监督销毁。对2015年3至9月进口的糕点饼干类食品随机选取5个批次进行以下项目的抽查检测:苯甲酸、脱氢乙酸及其钠盐和富马酸二甲酯(仅限糕点)。检测结果为:监测样品中的苯甲酸、脱氢乙酸及其钠盐和富马酸二甲酯未发现不合格。通过问卷调查,对进口食品企业业务负责人食品安全态度行为进行了解:大多数进口食品企业业务负责人掌握相关的食品安全知识,重视进口食品安全质量,在新产品进口前会对产品是否符合我国标准进行了解。但调查也显示,被调查对象对进口食品中文标签的重视程度不够。被调查对象愿意参加食品安全相关法律法规的学习,提高业务水平,共同保障进口食品安全。针对进口食品检验监管提出以下建议:“关口前移”,对生产企业实施注册登记管理;加强进出口企业的诚信管理,根据信用情况区别对待;完善相关法律法规和标准,检验检疫部门依法行政;将风险管理应用到进口食品检验监管中,提高监管效能;建立多部门合作机制,对进口食品进行有效监管;做好法规标准宣传,引导消费者正确识别合格进口食品;落实不合格食品召回追溯制度,保障人民健康安全。
[Abstract]:Taking the pastry and biscuit foods imported from a certain port in Zhuhai as the research object, the safety and health status of the pastry and biscuit foods were fully understood by means of on-site inspection and sampling examination (including labelling, physicochemical, microbial indicators, etc.). To find out the problems and analyze the reasons, this paper makes a further discussion and study on the current situation of inspection and supervision of imported food and the concrete problems, and puts forward the appropriate countermeasures of inspection and supervision. The 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from June 2013 to May 2014 were analyzed and tested (labelling), involving 15 trading countries (regions) with a weight of 2651 tons and a value of $6.77 million. The result of the inspection is: a total of 153 batches of unqualified labels, with a failure rate of 18.7, involving 10 trading countries (regions), weighing 180.9 tons, and valuing US $704000. The reasons for nonconformity are: no Chinese mark or packing mark does not meet the requirements of entry inspection. The follow-up measures are to attach qualified Chinese labels to enterprises under the supervision of the Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The following suggestions are put forward for the inspection and supervision of import prepackaged food labelling: (1) strengthening the construction of technical laws and regulations and perfecting the food labelling standard system; (2) strengthening the training of regulations and standards to improve the quality of food labelling; (3) implementing the main responsibility of enterprises, To punish illegal acts according to law. 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported during the study period were tested by laboratory sampling: physical and chemical items included acid value, peroxide value, total arsenic, lead and aflatoxin B1; microbial indexes included total colony count, coliform bacteria, mold count, Pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus); food additives are mainly used to detect preservatives, antioxidants and coloring agents according to the actual condition of the goods. The results were as follows: 11 batches of unqualified batches and 1.4% of unqualified batches. The trading nations involved are Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia, weighing 31. 6 tons and worth $67000. The main reasons for non-qualification are: non-qualified microbial items and food additives exceed the standard. The follow-up treatment measures mainly include return handling and supervision and destruction. Five batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from March to September 2015 were randomly selected for the following items: benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate (pastry only). The results showed that there were no unqualified samples of benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate. Through the questionnaire survey, the author makes a study of the food safety attitude and behavior of the import food enterprises' business leaders: most of the import food enterprises' business leaders have the relevant knowledge of food safety and attach importance to the quality of imported food safety. Before the new product is imported, we will understand whether the product conforms to our standards. However, the survey also showed that the subjects did not attach enough importance to the Chinese label of imported food. The investigated subjects are willing to participate in the study of food safety related laws and regulations, improve the business level, and jointly protect the import food safety. This paper puts forward the following suggestions for the inspection and supervision of imported food: "moving the gate forward", carrying out registration and registration administration for manufacturing enterprises, strengthening the integrity management of import and export enterprises, treating them differently according to the credit situation, perfecting relevant laws, regulations and standards, The inspection and quarantine department shall administer the administration according to law; apply risk management to the inspection and supervision of imported food, so as to improve the effectiveness of supervision; establish a multi-sector cooperation mechanism to effectively supervise imported food; and do a good job in publicizing laws and regulations and standards, Guide consumers to correctly identify eligible imported food, implement recall traceability system of unqualified food, and ensure people's health and safety.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F203;F426.82
本文编号：2290852
[Abstract]:Taking the pastry and biscuit foods imported from a certain port in Zhuhai as the research object, the safety and health status of the pastry and biscuit foods were fully understood by means of on-site inspection and sampling examination (including labelling, physicochemical, microbial indicators, etc.). To find out the problems and analyze the reasons, this paper makes a further discussion and study on the current situation of inspection and supervision of imported food and the concrete problems, and puts forward the appropriate countermeasures of inspection and supervision. The 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from June 2013 to May 2014 were analyzed and tested (labelling), involving 15 trading countries (regions) with a weight of 2651 tons and a value of $6.77 million. The result of the inspection is: a total of 153 batches of unqualified labels, with a failure rate of 18.7, involving 10 trading countries (regions), weighing 180.9 tons, and valuing US $704000. The reasons for nonconformity are: no Chinese mark or packing mark does not meet the requirements of entry inspection. The follow-up measures are to attach qualified Chinese labels to enterprises under the supervision of the Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The following suggestions are put forward for the inspection and supervision of import prepackaged food labelling: (1) strengthening the construction of technical laws and regulations and perfecting the food labelling standard system; (2) strengthening the training of regulations and standards to improve the quality of food labelling; (3) implementing the main responsibility of enterprises, To punish illegal acts according to law. 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported during the study period were tested by laboratory sampling: physical and chemical items included acid value, peroxide value, total arsenic, lead and aflatoxin B1; microbial indexes included total colony count, coliform bacteria, mold count, Pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus); food additives are mainly used to detect preservatives, antioxidants and coloring agents according to the actual condition of the goods. The results were as follows: 11 batches of unqualified batches and 1.4% of unqualified batches. The trading nations involved are Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia, weighing 31. 6 tons and worth $67000. The main reasons for non-qualification are: non-qualified microbial items and food additives exceed the standard. The follow-up treatment measures mainly include return handling and supervision and destruction. Five batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from March to September 2015 were randomly selected for the following items: benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate (pastry only). The results showed that there were no unqualified samples of benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate. Through the questionnaire survey, the author makes a study of the food safety attitude and behavior of the import food enterprises' business leaders: most of the import food enterprises' business leaders have the relevant knowledge of food safety and attach importance to the quality of imported food safety. Before the new product is imported, we will understand whether the product conforms to our standards. However, the survey also showed that the subjects did not attach enough importance to the Chinese label of imported food. The investigated subjects are willing to participate in the study of food safety related laws and regulations, improve the business level, and jointly protect the import food safety. This paper puts forward the following suggestions for the inspection and supervision of imported food: "moving the gate forward", carrying out registration and registration administration for manufacturing enterprises, strengthening the integrity management of import and export enterprises, treating them differently according to the credit situation, perfecting relevant laws, regulations and standards, The inspection and quarantine department shall administer the administration according to law; apply risk management to the inspection and supervision of imported food, so as to improve the effectiveness of supervision; establish a multi-sector cooperation mechanism to effectively supervise imported food; and do a good job in publicizing laws and regulations and standards, Guide consumers to correctly identify eligible imported food, implement recall traceability system of unqualified food, and ensure people's health and safety.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F203;F426.82
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