相变通风集热墙与被动式太阳房联合应用的研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 00:01

  本文关键词： 被动式太阳房 相变集热墙体 温度应力 有限元模拟　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建筑能耗高、能源利用率低是我国建筑业的弊病。开发利用新能源可有效弥补这一缺陷。作为清洁能源的太阳能是取之不尽，用之不竭的。相变材料是一种可以有效存储太阳能的介质。在墙体中置入相变储能材料，既能有效地改善墙板的保温性能，同时还可以维护建筑室内温度的稳定。 通过对混合石蜡的热物性参数测试，得到复合相变石蜡的最佳配合比。采用热熔法制备高聚乙烯（HDPE）与石蜡混合物，得到定型复合相变石蜡。对复合相变石蜡砌块墙的传热性能进行研究，绘制了复合相变墙体的温度变化曲线和复合相变墙体不同位置温度的传播速率曲线。研究结果表明：体内置入的石蜡含量越多，其温度波动越小，温度走势也就越平缓，热流延迟时间越久。 通过使用太阳辐射采集系统采集的数据，整理得到长春地区2013年各月太阳能辐射量和各时间段太阳辐射强度，总结出长春地区太阳能辐射强度分布规律：太阳辐射值从1月开始逐月递增，至6月份达到最大辐射值，然后逐月递减；太阳辐射的季节性差异表现较为明显，其中夏季最高，冬季最低。为后文研究太阳辐射与室内温度、墙体温度应力的关系奠定了基础。 对被动式太阳能建筑与相变集热墙体联合应用的设计研究。研究了相变墙体的蓄热和保温性能，对使用了复合相变石蜡的被动式太阳能建筑的室内温度变化进行研究和分析：相变太阳房室内的最大温差为5℃，普通太阳房室内的最大温差为15℃，相变太阳房室内温度波动幅度被明显减弱了，而且温度也出现了延迟。对相变通风墙体在太阳辐射作用下的热流循环情况进行了分析：结合了相变通风蓄热墙的太阳房能很好的运作，分别在夏季和冬季完成了热流循环的过程，并使室内温度维持在适宜的温度范围内。 对实测的墙体应力进行了分析，利用有限元软件对受热墙体进行温度场和温度应力的数值模拟，分析了受热墙体的温度应力及变形特点。研究表明：墙体外表面的中心位置是温度荷载的最不利位置，在50℃时达到其最大内力值，最大拉应力为0.172Mpa，没有超过抹灰砂浆的抗裂强度，墙体不会出现热致裂缝。
[Abstract]:High building energy consumption and low energy efficiency are the drawbacks of Chinese construction industry. The development and utilization of new energy sources can effectively remedy this defect. As a clean energy, solar energy is inexhaustible. The phase change material is a kind of medium which can store solar energy effectively. Placing phase change energy storage material in the wall can not only effectively improve the thermal insulation performance of the wall panel, but also maintain the stability of the building indoor temperature. By testing the thermal properties of the mixed paraffin, the optimum mixture ratio of the composite phase change paraffin was obtained. The mixture of high polyethylene (HDPE) and paraffin was prepared by the hot melt method. The heat transfer performance of composite phase change paraffin block wall was studied. The temperature variation curve of composite phase change wall and the propagating rate curve of different position temperature of composite phase change wall are plotted. The results show that the more paraffin is placed in the body, the smaller the temperature fluctuation is, and the more gentle the temperature trend is. The longer the heat flow is delayed. By using the data collected by the solar radiation acquisition system, the solar radiation amount and the solar radiation intensity of each month in 2013 in Changchun area have been sorted out. The distribution law of solar radiation intensity in Changchun area is summarized: the solar radiation value increases monthly from January to June, then decreases month by month, the seasonal difference of solar radiation is obvious, among which the highest is in summer. The winter is the lowest, which lays a foundation for the study of the relationship between solar radiation and indoor temperature and wall temperature stress. The combined application of passive solar building and phase change heat collecting wall is studied. The heat storage and heat preservation performance of phase change wall is studied. The indoor temperature variation of a passive solar building with complex phase change paraffin is studied and analyzed. The maximum temperature difference in the phase change solar room is 5 鈩，

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