尼泊尔8.1级地震钢筋混凝土框架典型震害及讨论

发布时间：2018-03-15 10:43

本文选题：尼泊尔地震　切入点：震害调查　出处：《工程力学》2016年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：尼泊尔8.1级地震发生2个月后,该文作者随队开展了为期半个月的尼泊尔地震震害调查。该文报道了尼泊尔8.1级地震中3个调查点的钢筋混凝土(RC)框架结构震害特点。调查表明,除少数医院、政府办公楼、学校建筑为正规抗震设计建造外,大部分RC框架结构为自建民居、商铺。被调查RC框架结构的梁、板、柱均采用现浇混凝土,填充墙均采用粘土砖砌筑。震害主要表现为底层或临街楼层(街道高于底层时)框架柱压弯破坏,填充墙倒塌,柱顶水平施工缝处破坏,部分紧邻填充墙的柱顶部剪切破坏,屋顶女儿墙震损掉落,少数结构发生整体垮塌。该文作者对某一典型区域的框架结构进行了详查,得到6个震损结构的尺寸、材料强度和破坏模式,分析表明,具有较小柱轴压比,较大刚重比的结构具有较好的抗倒塌能力。最后,针对尼泊尔RC框架的震害特点,对比我国相关规范规程和以往震害经验,探讨了防止填充墙相邻柱端剪切破坏的措施、防止施工缝对柱的削弱、非结构构件抗震构造措施的必要性,以及震后建筑安全性鉴定的注意事项。
[Abstract]:Two months after Nepal's 8.1 magnitude earthquake, The authors carried out a half month earthquake disaster investigation in Nepal with the team. The earthquake damage characteristics of reinforced concrete (RCC) frame structures at 3 survey sites in Nepal M = 8.1 earthquake were reported. The investigation shows that, except for a few hospitals, government offices, In addition to the formal seismic design and construction of the school buildings, most RC frame structures are self-built houses and shops. The beams, slabs and columns of the RC frame structures investigated are made of cast-in-place concrete. All the fill walls are built with clay brick. The earthquake damage is mainly manifested by the compression and bending failure of the frame columns on the ground floor or on the street floor (when the street is higher than the bottom floor), the collapse of the filling wall, the destruction of the joints at the horizontal construction of the column top, and the shear failure of the top of the column adjacent to the filling wall. The roof parapet fell and a few structures collapsed. In this paper, the size, material strength and failure mode of 6 damaged structures are obtained by detailed investigation of the frame structure in a typical area. The structures with smaller axial compression ratio and larger rigid-weight ratio have better anti-collapse capability. Finally, in view of the earthquake damage characteristics of the RC frame in Nepal, the relevant codes and previous earthquake damage experiences are compared. The measures to prevent shear failure at the end of adjacent columns of infilled walls, the weakening of construction joints to columns, the necessity of seismic construction measures of non-structural members, and the points for attention in safety assessment of buildings after earthquake are discussed.
【作者单位】：中国地震局工程力学研究所中国地震局地震工程与工程振动重点实验室;
【基金】：地震行业科研专项经费项目(201308003) 国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2015BAK17B06) 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51108433) 黑龙江省科学基金面上项目(E2015067)
【分类号】：TU375.4;TU312.3

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