三维多功能隔振支座的试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 04:27

本文选题：地铁　切入点：竖向振动　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地铁作为一种现代化城市交通工具,近年来在我国得到了迅猛的发展,但地铁对沿线建筑物产生的振动以及对环境的影响也日益突出。地震时地面运动是多分量的。目前研究一般都重视水平地震作用,忽视了竖向地震作用,但地震震害宏观现象表明,竖向地震作用的影响也很明显,其量值同样值得重视。本文以减轻地铁运行引发的沿线建筑物振动为出发点,同时满足罕遇地震下结构的抗震性能要求,提出了一种新型的三维多功能隔振支座,并对该装置的适用性和可行性进行了理论研究、数值模拟研究、试验检验研究及结构响应分析研究。论文主要研究工作和成果如下：(1)借鉴基础隔振技术的研究成果,提出了由橡胶隔振支座、碟形弹簧组和粘弹性阻尼器三者复合而成的新型三维多功能隔振支座。三维多功能隔振支座具有三向适宜刚度和阻尼性能,其中碟形弹簧组与粘弹性阻尼器并联形成竖向隔振装置,能有效解决竖向大承载力和竖向阻尼的问题,橡胶隔振支座用于水平隔振。针对各组成部件分别研究各自性能与设计方法,提出新型三维多功能隔振支座的设计和计算方法。(2)运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对隔离竖向振动的碟形弹簧复合支座进行了数值模拟研究。选用技术成熟、应用广泛的的铅芯橡胶支座,以其承载力参数作为上部碟形弹簧复合支座的设计参考。通过隔振理论与地铁诱发的环境振动和地震动特性分析,确定了碟形弹簧复合支座的性能参数。建立支座实体模型,对其竖向承载力、竖向刚度、等效阻尼等力学性能进行数值模拟分析。通过上述理论分析与数值模拟工具的有机结合,较好的把握了碟形弹簧复合支座的基本力学特性。(3)设计并加工制作了三维隔振支座竖向减振系统——碟形弹簧复合支座模型,通过对比试验,对其竖向承载力、竖向刚度、阻尼性能进行了系统的试验研究。研究结果表明,该装置的竖向承载力可满足设计要求,同时具有合适的竖向刚度和阻尼特性,刚度稳定在15kN/mm～23kN/mm,等效阻尼比可达11%--26%,且试验值与模拟值吻合较好。(4)通过数值模拟的方法,利用SAP2000结构分析软件,建立八层框架结构模型,选取实测地铁振动波及三维地震波,分别计算隔振前后建筑物的加速度反应,评价三维多功能隔振支座的隔振效果。分析结果表明,三维多功能隔振支座不仅能有效的降低地铁运行引起的邻近建筑物振动,同时在罕遇地震作用下,支座性能完好,并具有一定程度的减振效果。
[Abstract]:As a modern urban vehicle, subway has been developing rapidly in China in recent years. However, the vibration and environmental impact of subway on buildings along the line are increasingly prominent. The ground motion is multi-component during earthquakes. At present, the horizontal earthquake is generally emphasized, but the vertical earthquake is neglected. However, the macroscopic phenomenon of earthquake damage shows that the effect of vertical earthquake is also obvious, and its magnitude is also worthy of attention. This paper takes reducing the vibration of buildings along the line caused by subway operation as the starting point. At the same time, to meet the seismic performance requirements of the structure under rare earthquake, a new type of three-dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support is proposed, and the applicability and feasibility of the device are studied theoretically and numerically. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: 1) drawing on the research results of the basic vibration isolation technology, the rubber vibration isolation bearing is proposed. A new type of three dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation bearing, which is composed of disc spring group and viscoelastic damper, is developed. The three dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support has the suitable stiffness and damping performance in three directions. The vertical vibration isolation device is formed by parallel connection of disc spring group and viscoelastic damper, which can effectively solve the problem of large vertical bearing capacity and vertical damping. The rubber vibration isolation support is used for horizontal vibration isolation. According to the research on the performance and design method of each component, a new design and calculation method of three dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation bearing is put forward. The ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used. The numerical simulation of the disc spring composite bearing for isolating vertical vibration was carried out. The lead rubber bearing with mature technology and wide application was selected. The bearing capacity parameters are used as the reference for the design of the upper disc spring composite bearing. Through the vibration isolation theory and the analysis of the environmental vibration and ground motion characteristics induced by the subway, the performance parameters of the disc spring composite bearing are determined, and the solid model of the support is established. The mechanical properties such as vertical bearing capacity, vertical stiffness and equivalent damping are numerically simulated and analyzed. In this paper, the basic mechanical properties of the disc spring composite bearing are well grasped. The vertical vibration absorption system of the three dimensional vibration isolation support is designed and manufactured. The vertical bearing capacity and the vertical stiffness of the disc spring composite bearing system are compared with each other. The experimental results show that the vertical bearing capacity of the device can meet the design requirements, and it also has suitable vertical stiffness and damping characteristics. The stiffness is stable at 15kN / mm / mm / 23kN / mm, the equivalent damping ratio can reach 11-26, and the experimental value is in good agreement with the simulated value.) by using the method of numerical simulation, using SAP2000 structure analysis software, the eight-story frame structure model is established, and the measured subway vibration and three-dimensional seismic wave are selected. The acceleration response of buildings before and after vibration isolation is calculated, and the vibration isolation effect of three-dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support is evaluated. The analysis results show that the three-dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support can not only effectively reduce the vibration of adjacent buildings caused by subway operation. At the same time, under the action of rare earthquake, the performance of the bearing is intact, and it has a certain degree of damping effect.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU352.12

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