建筑工程可持续性评价信息系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 19:00

本文选题：环境影响评价　切入点：生命周期评价　出处：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国建筑业环境影响日趋严重,为推动我国建筑环境影响评价的开展,评测和减小建筑环境影响,本文构建适合中国的建筑工程可持续性评价系统。本系统是基于网络的建筑工程可持续性评价系统,采用科学严谨的数据库(CLCD),有利于建筑环境影响评价在我国的推广。系统直接导入建筑工程清单,生成环境影响,并通过BEPAS评价体系对建筑环境影响进行归类,最终生成建筑工程的环境影响社会支付意愿值。该结果将建筑的环境影响进行量化,便于不同建筑工程间的横向比较,对建筑工程的物化阶段环境影响减小起到促进作用。本系统在建筑设计阶段便能对其生命周期环境影响进行评价,为建筑的设计和施工方案提供建议。本文成果包括:(1)依据我国建筑工程分解体系,本研究首创符合中国国情的建筑工程生命周期数据库。数据库包含建筑材料数据库、施工机械台班数据库、LCA评价指标数据库。根据《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》、《建筑工程可持续性评价标准》、《全国统一施工机械台班费用定额》对数据库的内容进行严格规定,填补了我国建筑工程数据库领域的空缺。建筑材料数据库包括我国建筑市场上普遍流通的主要建筑材料:水泥砂浆、石灰砂浆、混合砂浆、其他灰浆、灰土、砌筑砂浆、混凝土、黑色及有色金属、水泥砂石砖瓦、玻璃、陶瓷及其制品、油漆、涂料及防腐、防水材料、耐火、绝热材料、保温材料。根据ISO规定和国际通用规范,为数据的采集和计算制定符合中国国情的标准。从数据采集与处理、数据质量评估与控制方面对数据库的构建工作进行了梳理,并与基础数据库CLCD进行关联。(2)本研究搭建了建筑工程可持续性评价平台www.bepas.cn,使用户可以基于网络评价其工程可持续性。网络平台实现了基于互联网的建筑工程可持续性评价,并可读取中国各算量计价软件的工程量清单,能在网上进行数据库的管理和维护更新。用户可以通过上传文件自动生成包含Excel和图形的评价报告,实现专业化和推广容易性。网络评价平台计算核心基于《建筑工程评价标准》,保证评价的客观、科学性。
[Abstract]:The environmental impact of China's construction industry is becoming more and more serious. In order to promote the development of environmental impact assessment, evaluate and reduce the impact of construction environment, this paper constructs a sustainable evaluation system for construction engineering in China.This system is a Web-based sustainability evaluation system for construction engineering. The use of a scientific and rigorous database, CLCDT, is conducive to the promotion of environmental impact assessment in China.The system directly introduces the list of construction projects and generates the environmental impact, and classifies the environmental impact of the building through the BEPAS evaluation system, and finally generates the value of social willingness to pay for the environmental impact of the construction project.The result quantifies the environmental impact of the building, facilitates the horizontal comparison between different building projects, and promotes the reduction of the environmental impact in the physical and chemical stages of the building engineering.The system can evaluate the environmental impact of its life cycle in the stage of architectural design, and provide suggestions for the design and construction of buildings.According to the decomposition system of construction engineering in China, this paper first created the database of life cycle of construction engineering according to the situation of China.The database includes building materials database, construction machinery platform class database and LCA evaluation index database.The contents of the database are strictly stipulated according to the valuation Standard for the list of quantities of Construction Engineering, the Evaluation Standard for the Sustainability of Construction Engineering, and the National uniform cost quota for Construction Machinery set classes, which fills the vacancy in the field of construction engineering database in China.The database of building materials includes the main building materials in general circulation in the construction market of our country: cement mortar, lime mortar, mixed mortar, other mortar, lime soil, masonry mortar, concrete, black and non-ferrous metals, cement mortar, brick and tile,Glass, Ceramics and their products, paint, Coatings and anticorrosion, Waterproof material, Refractory, Insulation material, Insulation material.According to ISO regulations and international general specification, the standard for data collection and calculation is established in accordance with China's national conditions.From the aspects of data acquisition and processing, data quality evaluation and control, this paper combs the construction of database.In this study, we set up a construction project sustainability evaluation platform (www.bepas.cn), which enables users to evaluate its engineering sustainability based on network.The network platform realizes the construction project sustainability evaluation based on the Internet, and can read the bill of quantities of the calculation quantity software in China, and can carry on the database management and the maintenance update in the network.Users can automatically generate evaluation reports containing Excel and graphics by uploading files to achieve specialization and ease of promotion.The computing core of the network evaluation platform is based on the Standard of Construction Engineering Evaluation, which ensures the objectivity and scientificity of the evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU-023;TU17

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