彩色热反射涂料的制备与节能评价

发布时间：2018-04-16 02:23

本文选题：红外反射颜料 + 热反射涂料　；参考：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国建筑规模的不断扩大和居民对建筑舒适性要求的不断提高,我国建筑能耗用量不断增加,已经与工业、交通并列成为我国能源消耗的三大主体。与此同时,夏季的制冷能耗更是达到了建筑能耗的三分之一以上。热反射涂料因其对太阳辐射具有良好的反射作用,能够有效的降低被涂建筑的表面温度,减少夏季得热,达到降低夏季制冷能耗的作用,在建筑的夏季节能设计中得到越来越广泛的应用。近年来市场上不断推广应用的建筑热反射涂料主要为白色或浅色色调,这往往难以满足现代建筑外观多彩性的要求。本论文主要研究了彩色热反射涂料的关键组成材料红外反射颜料。分析了Fe2O3、Sb2O3及Al2O3的含量对以TiO2为主相的复合颜料物相构成、色度及红外反射性能的影响。复合颜料中Fe2O3的引入使得复合颜料中产生新相假板钛矿Fe2TiO5,并使颜料呈现黄色色调,其在近红外波段的反射性能也随含量的增加而不断下降;Sb2O3的引入并未导致新相的产生,而是掺杂进入TiO2的金红石型结构,其含量的增加对复合颜料的明度值和在近红外反射能力均有所提高;而Al2O3的引入对复合颜料的物相构成、色度和红外反射性能均未产生明显影响,其功能主要是作为颜料的助磨剂,含量宜控制在4%~8%。根据各氧化物组成对复合颜料性能的影响,分别制得具有高红外反射性能的黄色、红褐色及黑色无机复合颜料及相应彩色涂层,并测试其隔热性能。所制得浅黄色复合颜料的太阳光反射率最高可达83.1%,土黄色复合颜的太阳光反射率最高可达79.7%,红褐色复合颜料的太阳光反射率最高可达52.4%,黑色复合颜料的太阳光反射率最高可达44.5%。通过建立简单传热模型,以北京地区为例计算了热反射涂料对建筑在冬夏两季耗能的影响。分析和评价了热反射涂料对多层居住建筑、临时彩钢建筑和高层商业建筑的节能特性,并对热反射涂料的涂装使用提出合理建议。对于多层居住建筑,将热反射涂料涂装在建筑的屋顶上,具有最佳的节能效果;对于临时彩钢建筑,热反射涂料则建议涂装使用在建筑的屋顶和东西向墙体上;而对于高层商业建筑,热反射涂料涂装使用在四向玻璃幕墙,对于建筑的节能意义重大。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the scale of construction in China and the continuous improvement of residents' requirements for building comfort, the consumption of building energy in our country is increasing, and it has become the three main bodies of energy consumption in our country, along with industry and transportation.At the same time, summer refrigeration energy consumption is more than 1/3 of the building energy consumption.Because of its good reflection to solar radiation, thermal reflective coatings can effectively reduce the surface temperature of the buildings, reduce the heat in summer, and reduce the energy consumption of cooling in summer.It is more and more widely used in building energy saving design in summer.In recent years, the heat reflection coatings of buildings which are popularized and applied in the market are mainly white or light colors, which are often difficult to meet the requirements of the multicolor of modern architecture appearance.In this paper, infrared reflective pigments, which are the key materials of color thermal reflection coatings, are studied.The effects of Fe _ 2O _ 3, SB _ 2O _ 3 and Al2O3 on the composition, chromaticity and infrared reflectance of composite pigment with TiO2 as the main phase were analyzed.The introduction of Fe2O3 in the composite pigment resulted in the formation of new phase pseudopatite Fe _ 2TiO _ 5 and yellow tone, and its reflectivity in the near infrared band decreased with the increase of the content of SB _ 2O _ 3, and the introduction of SB _ 2O _ 3 did not lead to the formation of new phase.However, the rutile structure doped into TiO2 can increase the luminance value and the reflectance in near infrared of the composite pigment with the increase of its content, while the phase composition of the composite pigment is formed by the introduction of Al2O3.The chroma and infrared reflectance have no obvious influence, its function is mainly used as the grinding aid of pigment, the content should be controlled at 4% and 8%.According to the effect of oxide composition on the properties of composite pigments, yellow, red-brown and black inorganic composite pigments with high infrared reflectivity and their corresponding color coatings were prepared, and their thermal insulation properties were tested.The solar reflectance of the light yellow composite pigment is up to 83.1, the highest solar reflectivity of the khaki-colored composite pigment is 79.7, the highest solar reflectivity of the reddish brown composite pigment is 52.4, and the highest solar reflectivity of the black composite pigment is 44.5.By establishing a simple heat transfer model, the effect of heat reflection coating on energy consumption in winter and summer is calculated by taking Beijing area as an example.This paper analyzes and evaluates the energy saving characteristics of heat reflection coatings for multi-storey residential buildings, temporary colored steel buildings and high-rise commercial buildings, and puts forward some reasonable suggestions for the application of heat reflection coatings.For the multi-storey residential building, the heat reflection coating coating on the roof of the building has the best energy saving effect; for the temporary color steel building, the heat reflection coating is recommended to be used on the roof of the building and the east-west wall.For high-rise commercial buildings, it is of great significance to save energy by applying heat-reflective coatings to four-direction glass curtain walls.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU561.6

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