直流式旋风除尘器的数值模拟与实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 02:06

本文选题：通风系统 + 直流式旋风除尘器　；参考：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在通风系统中一般使用过滤器对空气中的颗粒物进行处理,该除尘方式在颗粒物浓度很高时存在过滤器堵塞、清洗更换频繁等问题。为了解决这一问题,本文尝试将直流式旋风除尘器引入到通风系统中,利用直流式旋风除尘器降低空气中的颗粒物浓度。由于通风系统的特点,要求直流式旋风除尘器必须在较低入口风速下具有较高的颗粒分离效率和较低的压力损失、单体处理风量适宜、结构紧凑和安装方便等特点。为了满足通风系统对直流式旋风除尘器的要求,本文展开了以下几个方面的工作:1.分析了导流叶片参数对设备性能的影响。针对正交直母线叶片,通过数值模拟和实验方法研究了主要叶片参数(叶片内准线方程、叶片个数、叶片厚度等)变化对直流式旋风除尘器的压力损失和分离效率的影响。分析并总结了不同型式、不同个数、不同厚度、不同角度叶片的性能特点,为直流式旋风除尘器的导流叶片设计提供了指导。2.为了深入分析结构参数与设备性能间的关系,通过数值模拟方法对直流式旋风除尘器内部的流场特征进行了初步研究。详细分析了气流流线、气流速度、轴向速度、切向速度和压力在设备内部不同区域的分布特征,从而揭示了设备内部流场参数的变化规律。在此基础上,分析了排气管形状对速度、压力等流场参数的影响,其研究结论可以为优化设备结构并降低设备阻力提供依据。3.研究了主要结构参数和入口风速对设备性能的影响。在导流叶片研究的基础上,设计了若干具有不同导流叶片参数的实验样机。搭建实验台并利用实验台研究了排气管形状与尺寸、环状区域长度、叶片角度与型式、外筒直径、导流体形状和入口风速等因素对设备性能的影响。得到了不同结构参数下,直流式旋风除尘器的压力损失和分离效率,并归纳总结了结构参数与设备性能之间的关系。4.针对兰州地区新风系统和卷烟厂工艺空调系统,结合这两个场合中的颗粒特性,通过实验和理论方法分析了直流式旋风除尘器的应用前景。结合通风系统特点,给出了直流式旋风除尘器在系统中的应用方案。
[Abstract]:In the ventilation system, filters are generally used to treat particulate matter in the air. When the concentration of particulate matter is very high, the filter is blocked and the cleaning and replacement are frequent. In order to solve this problem, this paper attempts to introduce the DC cyclone dust collector into the ventilation system, and use the DC cyclone dust collector to reduce the concentration of particulate matter in the air. Because of the characteristics of the ventilation system, the DC cyclone dust collector must have higher particle separation efficiency and lower pressure loss at lower inlet wind speed, suitable air volume for single unit treatment, compact structure and easy installation. In order to meet the requirements of the ventilation system for the DC cyclone dust collector, the following aspects of the work have been carried out in this paper. The influence of flow guide vane parameters on the performance of the equipment is analyzed. The influence of main blade parameters (inner collimation equation, number of blades, thickness of blade, etc.) on pressure loss and separation efficiency of DC cyclone precipitator was studied by numerical simulation and experiment. The performance characteristics of different types, different numbers, different thickness and different angles of blades are analyzed and summarized, which provides guidance for the design of the guide vane of DC cyclone precipitator. In order to analyze the relationship between the structure parameters and the performance of the equipment, the characteristics of the flow field in the DC cyclone dust collector were studied by numerical simulation. The distribution characteristics of flow lines, airflow velocity, axial velocity, tangential velocity and pressure in different regions of the equipment are analyzed in detail, and the variation of flow field parameters in the equipment is revealed. On this basis, the influence of exhaust pipe shape on the flow field parameters, such as velocity and pressure, is analyzed. The results can provide a basis for optimizing the structure of the equipment and reducing the resistance of the equipment. The effects of main structure parameters and inlet wind speed on the performance of the equipment are studied. Based on the research of the flow guide blade, some experimental prototypes with different parameters of the guide blade are designed. The influence of the shape and size of exhaust pipe, the length of annular region, the angle and type of blade, the diameter of outer cylinder, the shape of diversion body and the inlet wind speed on the performance of the equipment were studied. The pressure loss and separation efficiency of DC cyclone dust collector with different structure parameters are obtained, and the relationship between structure parameters and equipment performance is summarized. Aiming at the fresh air system in Lanzhou area and the process air conditioning system in cigarette factory, the application prospect of DC cyclone dust collector is analyzed through experiments and theoretical methods combined with the particle characteristics of these two occasions. Combined with the characteristics of ventilation system, the application scheme of DC cyclone dust collector in the system is given.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU834.64

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