钢框架结构带竖缝填充墙体抗震性能应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 02:17

本文选题：钢框架 + 带竖缝填充墙　；参考：《沈阳建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：钢框架结构具有良好的延性,抗震性能优异,且具有轻质高强、施工周期短、工业化程度高等特点。近些年来,随着国家大力推广绿色节能建筑,钢结构住宅逐步兴起。填充墙是钢框架结构建筑中不可缺少的维护结构部件,在传统设计计算中填充墙在结构体系中不考虑其受力影响,只起到围护和分割房间的作用。忽略填充墙体对结构的作用影响,这与该结构体系的实际受力状态是不符的,尤其是在地震作用下填充墙体由于其较大的抗侧刚度以及墙体材料的脆性性能,往往导致其较早发生破坏,在历次大的地震中,往往出现框架主体还未出现破坏但填充墙体却已破坏严重,对人们的生命及财产造成极大的损失。实际上框架填充墙除了起到维护和分隔房间的作用外,从结构角度看,当框架受水平力时,钢框架与墙体有明显的组合受力作用,并且填充墙体对结构的抗侧向刚度影响较大。随着人们对建筑结构可靠性要求的不断提高,非结构构件的抗震性能越来越多的引起人们的重视。根据这一问题本文提出一种新型的填充墙耗能措施,通过对填充墙体设置竖向通缝来实现墙体大震作用下的刚度迅速退化的目标,从而减轻填充墙体与钢框架之间的相互作用,延迟墙体的破坏时间,使结构具备一定的耗能性能,从而减轻在地震作用下结构的响应,防止填充墙体等非结构构件过早发生严重的破坏。本文利用ABAQUS大型有限元软件分别建立了刚性连接框架、柔性连接框架和纯钢框架三种模型,用弹簧模拟框架柱与填充墙间竖缝处的拉结筋作用,分别对这三种模型进行了无轴力和轴压应力比为0.2时的单向加载和低周往复加载的模拟,提取了模型的单调荷载位移曲线、刚度退化曲线、滞回曲线和骨架曲线来分析不同因素对该种结构抗震性能的影响。为了进一步研究设缝数量(单片墙体的高宽比)对结构抗震性能影响,在前述研究的基础上又建立了改变墙体高宽比的设缝模型与柔性连接模型、刚性连接模型及纯钢框架模型,并进行数值分析对比,通过研究可知墙体设缝数量和高宽比的变化对结构的刚度、承载力及耗能性能均有很大影响,墙体设缝越多,单片墙体的高宽比越大,结构整体的刚度削弱越大,框架的水平承载力越低,延性和耗能性能越好,但应避免过多设缝使墙体刚度削弱过多,导致结构的抗侧刚度及水平承载力显著降低,墙体不能很好发挥抗侧力性能。本文还对设缝的四种结构分析模型的连接弹簧刚度进行了改变,以考察实际工程中不同拉结钢筋间距对设缝模型抗震性能影响,分析认为弹簧刚度的增大对高宽比小于1.2的设缝模型影响作用明显,弹簧刚度越大,承载力提高越明显。
[Abstract]:Steel frame structure has good ductility, excellent seismic performance, light and high strength, short construction period, high degree of industrialization and so on. In recent years, with the national efforts to promote green energy-saving buildings, steel-structure housing is gradually rising. The infilled wall is an indispensable part of the maintenance structure in the steel frame structure. In the traditional design calculation, the infill wall does not consider its force effect in the structural system, only plays the role of protecting and dividing the room. The effect of the filled wall on the structure is ignored, which is inconsistent with the actual stress state of the structure system, especially because of its larger lateral stiffness and brittleness of the wall material under seismic action. It often leads to early damage, in the past major earthquakes, there is often no damage to the main frame, but the wall has been seriously damaged, causing great loss to people's lives and property. In fact, in addition to maintaining and separating the room, the frame infilled wall has obvious combined force when the frame is subjected to horizontal force, and the infilled wall has a great influence on the lateral stiffness of the structure. With the increasing demands on the reliability of building structures, more and more attention has been paid to the seismic behavior of non-structural members. According to this problem, a new type of energy dissipation measure for infilled wall is proposed in this paper. By setting vertical joint on filled wall to realize the goal of rapid degradation of stiffness under the action of large earthquake, the interaction between infilled wall and steel frame can be alleviated. By delaying the failure time of the wall, the structure has a certain energy dissipation performance, which can reduce the response of the structure under earthquake, and prevent the serious damage of the non-structural members such as the filled wall. In this paper, three kinds of models of rigid connection frame, flexible connection frame and pure steel frame are established by using ABAQUS software, and the effect of tension and reinforcement on vertical joint between frame column and infilled wall is simulated by spring. The three models are simulated by unidirectional loading and low cycle reciprocating loading with no axial force and axial compression stress ratio of 0.2. The monotone load-displacement curves and stiffness degradation curves of the models are extracted. The hysteretic curve and skeleton curve are used to analyze the influence of different factors on the seismic performance of this kind of structure. In order to further study the effect of the number of joints (the aspect ratio of a single wall) on the seismic performance of the structure, a joint model and a flexible connection model are established to change the aspect ratio of the wall. The rigid connection model and the pure steel frame model are analyzed and compared. Through the study, it can be seen that the changes of the number of wall joints and the ratio of height to width have great influence on the stiffness, bearing capacity and energy dissipation performance of the structure, and the more joints are set up, the more the wall joints are. The greater the aspect ratio of a single wall, the greater the stiffness of the whole structure, the lower the horizontal bearing capacity of the frame, the better the ductility and energy dissipation performance, but it is necessary to avoid too many joints to weaken the stiffness of the wall. As a result, the lateral stiffness and horizontal bearing capacity of the structure are significantly reduced, and the wall can not give full play to the lateral force resistance. In this paper, the stiffness of connection spring of four kinds of structural analysis models with joints is also changed to investigate the effect of different spacing of tension and reinforcement on seismic performance of jointed model in practical engineering. It is concluded that the increase of spring stiffness has an obvious effect on the slit model whose aspect ratio is less than 1.2, and the greater the spring stiffness, the more obvious the bearing capacity is.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU391;TU352.11

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