青岛某新农村供热系统集成技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 13:21

本文选题：新农村 + 供热系统　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自2001年以来,我国城镇化高速发展,城乡建设面积大幅增加。新农村是伴随我国城镇化建设发展,农村居民点空间形态重构的自然历史产物,是现代社会治理体系的基本单元,是广大农民平等参与现代化进程、共同分享现代化成果的重要途径。我国北方农村地域辽阔,冬季寒冷,无集中供热,以前农村冬季供热依靠燃烧秸秆、薪柴和煤炭,消耗了大量能耗,室内舒适性差且污染环境。随着经济社会的快速发展,进一步改善住房条件和居住环境,成为广大农民群众的梦想和新期待。目前农村住宅单位面积用能已超过同气候带的城镇住宅用能,但建筑提供的服务水平远低于城镇住宅。生物质能逐渐被商品能耗所取代,用电量逐年增加。2011年,农村建筑商品能耗为1.97亿 tce,占建筑总能耗的26.8%。农村建筑用能已成为我国建筑能耗的最大的不确定因素。因此有必要对农村供热系统进行研究,解决农村冬季采暖和生活热水的用能需求,同时也是降低我国建筑能耗的有效手段之一本文以北方寒冷地区山东青岛为代表,对某农村进行实地调研、分析。根据该区域的地域与气候特征,结合当地农村的经济条件、生活习惯、施工技术以及资源状况,以供热系统为主线,对建筑结构、围护结构的保温性能、太阳能集热系统、蓄热系统、控制系统等各环节进行技术研究、新材料的合理使用,以低能耗设计策略和低成本建造策略为原则,创新集成,设计出一套比较完善的供热系统,并进行工程应用研究,经过对比分析,新农村的供热系统能耗低、造价低,可操作性强,具有推广价值。论文研究的主要内容为：第一部分：通过对我国青岛某农村当前现状进行调研分析,了解当地居民的经济条件、生活习惯及对供热的需求,我国政府对农村能源利用的政策,根据供热系统的选择明确筛选的目标和原则,确定太阳能为农村供热系统的最佳选择,并对当前我国利用太阳能供热现状的问题进行研究,提出本文的研究方向,解决思路。第二部分：从太阳能供热系统热负荷的角度出发,主要从增加冬季建筑得热和减少建筑失热两方面对建筑设计进行集成研究,重点对建筑的围护结构进行材料选择和设计计算。第三部分：从太阳能系统的集热系统、蓄热系统、控制系统、辅助系统等方面的新材料、新技术等进行研究,创新集成,设计出适合当地、并在我国农村地区具有推广价值的太阳能供热系统。第四部分：对工程实例进行数值模拟研究,并对系统的工程造价和经济效益进行了分析。经过对比,该系统的经济性能较好,尤其适合农村地区推广利用。
[Abstract]:Since 2001, China's urbanization has developed at a high speed, and the area of urban and rural construction has increased significantly. The new countryside is the natural historical product of the reconstruction of the space form of the rural residential area with the development of urbanization in our country. It is the basic unit of the modern social governance system and the equal participation of the peasants in the modernization process. An important way to share the fruits of modernization. The rural areas in northern China are vast, cold in winter and no centralized heating. In the past, the heating in rural areas depended on burning straw, fuelwood and coal, which consumed a lot of energy consumption, poor indoor comfort and polluted the environment. With the rapid development of economy and society, the further improvement of housing conditions and living environment has become the dream and new expectation of the broad masses of farmers. At present, the energy consumption per unit area of rural residence has exceeded that of urban residence in the same climate zone, but the service level provided by the building is far lower than that of the urban residence. Biomass energy was gradually replaced by commodity energy consumption, and electricity consumption increased year by year. In 2011, the energy consumption of rural building commodities was 197 million tces. accounting for 26.8% of the total building energy consumption. Rural building energy consumption has become the biggest uncertain factor of building energy consumption in China. Therefore, it is necessary to study the rural heating system to solve the energy demand of rural winter heating and domestic hot water, and it is also one of the effective means to reduce the building energy consumption in our country, which is represented by Qingdao, Shandong Province, in the cold area of northern China. To a certain rural area carries on the field investigation, the analysis. According to the regional and climatic characteristics of the region, combined with the local rural economic conditions, living habits, construction technology and resource conditions, taking the heating system as the main line, the thermal insulation performance of the building structure, the enclosure structure, and the solar energy collection system, The heat storage system, control system and other links are studied, and the reasonable use of new materials is carried out. Based on the principle of low energy consumption design strategy and low cost construction strategy, a set of relatively perfect heating system is designed and integrated with innovation and integration. Through comparative analysis, the new rural heating system has low energy consumption, low cost, strong maneuverability, and is worth popularizing. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the first part: through the investigation and analysis of the current situation of a rural area in Qingdao, we can understand the local residents' economic conditions, living habits and the demand for heating, and the government's policy on rural energy utilization. According to the selection of heating system, this paper determines that solar energy is the best choice for rural heating system, studies the current situation of solar heating in our country, and puts forward the research direction and solution of this paper. The second part: from the point of view of the heat load of solar heating system, this paper mainly studies the integration of building design from two aspects of increasing the heat gain in winter and reducing the heat loss of the building, and focuses on the material selection and design calculation of the envelope structure of the building. The third part: from the solar energy system collection system, the heat storage system, the control system, the auxiliary system and so on new material, the new technology and so on carries on the research, the innovation integration, designs suits the local, And in our country rural area has popularized the solar energy heating system. In the fourth part, the numerical simulation of engineering example is carried out, and the engineering cost and economic benefit of the system are analyzed. After comparison, the economic performance of the system is better, especially suitable for rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU833;TU18

【参考文献】