南京市江苏软件园规划评价及生态廊道优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 11:58

本文选题：规划评价 + 景观格局　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：南京市江苏软件园研究范围处于吉山基地、东大山、板霞路和文化创意产业园之间,面积约10 hm2,规划定位为生态型新兴产业示范区。对其规划进行生态评价和探索生态廊道的优化策略有助于在软件园的全面开发建设形成之前利用生态评估为城市新兴发展的高新技术园区提供城市空间层面的指导,也有利于促进园区基底生物群落的保护和生态修复。主要从三个层面着手:一是景观格局,二是城市通风道优化规划,三是生态廊道优化规划。这三个层面的评价和优化研究有内在联系:对景观格局的评价有利于对城市空间布局进行量化评价,而对城市空间布局的分析是城市通风道和生态廊道优化规划的基础。城市通风道和城市生态廊道的优化策略能对规划现状存在的不利因素进行优化调整,对城市规划进行生态评价有利于缓解人地矛盾:城市通风道的优化规划有利于缓解城市发展与气候之间的矛盾,而生态廊道的优化规划则有利于缓解城市发展与生物生存发展之间的矛盾。本文通过对南京市江苏软件园地块的规划图件提取用地分类,将其利用ArcGIS软件并结合园区内的建筑高度、建筑密度以及周边重要的生态点等信息建立园区的地理信息数据库,并在此基础上展开分析,得出景观格局的优化建议、城市潜在通风道的定位、城市气候功能分区及优化建议、生态廊道的定位、基底植物群落的评价及优化建议。对江苏软件园规划的主要评价如下:(1)相比于自然风景区等景观区域,研究地块的景观多样性不高,用地类型之间的比重差异较大、景观不均衡;占比例最大的是微型斑块和小型斑块,大中型斑块较少。(2)研究地块在冬季西北风状况下通风状况较好,依托西北部的山体、丘陵自然形成的风压差和热压差可缓解城市热岛效应,但在夏季东南风状况下由于地块南端建筑密度较大,缺乏大面积的自然绿地,需要规划城市通风道,对空气流进行疏导。(3)研究地块内部的植物群落整体来看尚不具备自然联系成生物廊道的潜力,部分断裂点生境破碎化不利于生物迁移和繁衍,亟待科学的规划和引导。对江苏软件园规划的优化建议如下:(1)放缓城市扩张速度,规划先行。针对江苏软件园的待建地,应当对规划生态评价中预见的可能出现的生态问题早发现早整治,尽量在下一步建设造成更大的破坏前先采取生态修复措施;同时对规划评价中选定的潜在城市通风道和潜在生物廊道选址进行保护和修复建设,作为城市建设过程中的生态基础设施建设;根据城市通风道和潜在生物廊道的定位,可对下一步建设的做出相应的调整。(2)促进大中型绿地保护和建设。规划中预留的大中型绿地空间应谨慎使用,保证绿化覆盖率和绿化层次同时在植物配置时注意增加乡土植物和挂果植物的应用;对现状生态状况较好近自然绿地的边缘大块绿地,在规划过程中应尽量较少人为干扰;对外围原有的重要生境斑块的地形地貌和群落结构都要最大限度进行保护。(3)控制建筑高度和密度。在建设推进之前,应对尚未建设的建筑景观进行重新评估:水平结构上,应合理控制建筑密度,有效地使空间分割转变为空间的镶嵌,扩大有利于气体环流的空间;垂直结构上,宜将高层建筑与低层建筑有机结合。除此之外,还可在以下几个方面采取措施:选择热容较小的表面材料以缓解热污染;控制污染源以缓解空气污染问题。(4)发挥城市开放空间和水体的生态作用,应在城市开放空间和水体构建相对复杂的园林植物群落。水平结构上,应增加物种多样性,增强生态群落的稳定性;垂直结构上,应乔、灌、草结合提高丰富度,发挥不同生活型植物的生态功能。
[Abstract]:The research scope of the Jiangsu Software Park in Nanjing is located in Jiashan base, East Dashan, Zan Xia Road and Cultural Creative Industrial Park, with an area of about 10 hm2. The planning is located as an ecotype new industry demonstration area. The ecological evaluation of its planning and the exploration of the optimization strategy of ecological corridor are helpful for the use of ecology before the development and construction of the software garden. The assessment provides guidance for the urban space level for the new and new high-tech parks of the city, and also helps to promote the protection and ecological restoration of the base biological community of the park. It mainly starts from three aspects: one is the landscape pattern, the two is the optimization of the urban ventilator, and the three is the optimization of the ecological corridor. The evaluation and optimization of the three levels The evaluation of landscape pattern is beneficial to the quantitative evaluation of urban spatial distribution, and the analysis of urban spatial layout is the basis for the optimization of urban ventilation channel and ecological corridor. The optimization strategy of urban ventilation Road and urban ecological corridor can optimize and adjust the disadvantages of the planning situation, to the city. The ecological evaluation of planning is beneficial to mitigate the contradiction between people and land: the optimization of urban ventilation path is beneficial to alleviate the contradiction between urban development and climate, and the optimization of ecological corridor is beneficial to alleviate the contradiction between urban development and biological survival and development. This paper extracts the planning drawings of the software Park in Jiangsu, Nanjing. By means of land classification, the geographic information database of the park is established by using the ArcGIS software and combining the building height, the building density and the important ecological points in the surrounding area. On this basis, the analysis is carried out to get the optimal suggestion of the landscape pattern, the location of the potential ventilation channel in the city, the urban climate function zoning and the optimization suggestions. The location of the corridor and the evaluation and optimization of the basilar plant community. The main evaluation of the planning of the Jiangsu software park is as follows: (1) compared to the natural landscape area, the landscape diversity of the plots is not high, the proportion of the land types is different, the landscape is not balanced; the largest proportion is the miniature patches and small patches, and the large and middle scale There are few types of patches. (2) the ventilation condition of the study block is better under the northwest wind in winter. Relying on the northwest of the mountain, the wind pressure difference and the hot pressure difference can relieve the urban heat island effect, but in the summer east wind condition, because of the large density of the south end of the block and the lack of large area of natural green space, the urban ventilation channel is needed. Air flow is dredging. (3) the study of the plant community in the interior of the block does not have the potential for natural links to be a biological corridor, and the fragmentation of some sites is not conducive to biological migration and reproduction, and the planning and guidance of the Jiangsu software park are urgently needed. (1) slow down the speed of urban expansion. In view of the Jiangsu software garden, we should find early regulation on the possible ecological problems foreseen in the planning ecological evaluation, and try to take ecological restoration measures before the next step of the construction to cause greater damage; at the same time, the potential urban ventilation path and the potential biological corridor location selected in the planning evaluation are protected and repaired. The construction of the ecological infrastructure in the process of urban construction; according to the location of the urban ventilation Road and the potential biological corridor, we can make the corresponding adjustment to the next step. (2) promote the protection and construction of large and medium-sized green space. The large and medium-sized green space reserved in the plan should be used carefully to ensure the greening coverage and the greening level. At the time of plant allocation, attention should be paid to increasing the application of native plants and fruit plants, and there should be less human interference in the planning process for the large green areas with better ecological conditions near the natural green space; the topographic landforms and community structure of the important surrounding habitats should be protected to the maximum extent. (3) control the height of the building. And density. Before the construction is promoted, we should reevaluate the architectural landscape that has not been constructed: the level structure should reasonably control the density of the building, effectively make the space division into space inlay, and expand the space for the circulation of the gas; in the vertical structure, it should combine the high level building with the low level building. In addition, it is also available. The following measures are taken: select the surface material with small heat capacity to alleviate the heat pollution; control the source of pollution to alleviate the air pollution problem. (4) to play the ecological role of the urban open space and water body, the relatively complex garden plant community should be constructed in the urban open space and water body. On the vertical structure, we should increase the richness of trees and plants, and give play to the ecological functions of different life forms.

【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.13

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