基于现场实测的高层建筑有限元模型修正研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 21:32

本文选题：高层建筑 + 有限元　；参考：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着计算机技术的发展,有限元分析方法在多个学科上都有广泛的应用。对于土木工程学科,有限元分析方法普遍运用在结构的动力、静力等计算分析,一个高精度的有限元模型对结构分析的准确性起着至关重要的作用。然而,有限元模型计算结果和实际结构测试结果之间不可以避免存在偏差,此外随着建设事业的发展土木结构的形式也日趋复杂,这也使得仅仅靠经验建立起和实际结构(实际测试结果)完全吻合的有限元模型的想法变得更加不切实际,因此对有限元模型修正技术进行研究的必要性日益凸显。本文以沿海某高层建筑为例对基于实测结果的有限元模型修正进行研究,文章主要包括以下内容。首先,研究了传感器的优化布置问题。该问题是基于实测的有限元模型修正的重要内容之一,传感器的配置对于实测过程中数据采集的有效性以及模型修正过程中计算/实测结果的相关性有着重要的影响,本文联合有效独立法以及遗传算法对该高层建筑结构进行传感器优化布置,首先利用有效独立法进行候选测点的选取,进而利用遗传算法确定模态测试中测点布置方案。其次,对高层建筑结构开展了结构动力特性的现场测试,对测试结果进行处理识别得到模态参数;并利用模态参数对初始有限元模型进行修正。对模型设计参数修正时有效的利用均匀设计的方法减少了修正过程的计算次数。从修正结果来看,本文的计算方法能在较少的计算次数下得到较高精度的有限元模型。最后,对修正后的有限元模型进行结构风致响应计算,将计算结果与实测的结果进行对比,对比的结果不仅进一步验证了有限元模型的精度和本文修正算法的正确性,也说明了修正后的有限元模型可以很好适用于结构的抗风性能研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of computer technology, finite element analysis has been widely used in many disciplines. For civil engineering, finite element analysis (FEM) is widely used in the dynamic and static analysis of structures. A high precision finite element model plays an important role in the accuracy of structural analysis. However, there is no way to avoid the deviation between the calculation results of the finite element model and the test results of the actual structure. In addition, with the development of the construction undertaking, the forms of civil structures are becoming more and more complex. This makes it more impractical to establish a finite element model based on experience, which is completely consistent with the actual structure (actual test results). Therefore, the necessity of studying the finite element model modification technique is becoming more and more important. This paper takes a high-rise building in coastal area as an example to study the finite element model modification based on the measured results. The main contents of this paper are as follows. Firstly, the optimal arrangement of sensors is studied. This problem is one of the important contents of the finite element model correction based on the actual measurement. The configuration of the sensor has an important influence on the validity of the data collection and the correlation between the calculation and the measured results in the process of model modification. In this paper, the effective independent method and genetic algorithm are combined to optimize the sensor layout of the tall building structure. Firstly, the effective independent method is used to select the candidate measuring points, and then the genetic algorithm is used to determine the layout scheme of the measuring points in modal testing. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of high-rise building structures are tested on the spot, and the modal parameters are obtained by processing the test results, and the initial finite element model is modified by modal parameters. The method of uniform design can be used to modify the model design parameters effectively to reduce the calculation times of the correction process. From the correction results, we can get a high precision finite element model with less calculation times. Finally, the structure wind-induced response of the modified finite element model is calculated, and the calculated results are compared with the measured results. The comparison results not only further verify the accuracy of the finite element model and the correctness of the modified algorithm in this paper. It also shows that the modified finite element model can be used to study the wind resistance of structures.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU973.3;TU317

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