电梯轿架参数化设计方法研究与实践

发布时间：2018-06-14 06:43

本文选题：电梯 + 轿架　；参考：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：面对市场需求的多样性和市场竞争的日趋激烈,电梯企业对其产品覆盖范围、开发周期和成本都提出了更高的要求。企业在提高产品设计效率、减少重复性工作的同时,还要兼顾产品质量和产品结构的安全,以保证电梯高效、安全、可靠的运行。显然,传统的设计方法是达不到电梯行业发展速度的,市场需求的快速发展急需设计方法的改进。参数化设计方法作为一种全新的设计方法,利用其对产品进行设计建模、有限元分析及优化,在产品系列化设计、相似性设计及优化设计方面具有较大的应用价值;还可以缩短产品的设计开发周期,降低产品成本,提高企业的生产效率和竞争力,具有重要的社会意义和经济意义。本课题以电梯轿架为研究对象,以Creo和ANSYS Workbench为工具,首先研究基于Top-Down的电梯轿架参数化建模方法,通过布局设计、初定产品结构、骨架模型实现设计信息的一致性传递,最终得到可利用全局关键参数驱动整体模型再生更新的轿架参数化模型;在此基础上创建有限元模型,在网格划分、约束和加载的基础上进行结构静力学分析,校验了结构的安全可靠性以及后续进行优化设计的必要性。本课题提出了电梯轿架参数优化设计的新思路:以侧梁为例,依据优化设计、遗传算法和实验设计的相关理论,以侧梁截面尺寸和厚度为设计变量,以侧梁最大等效应力和侧梁质量为目标函数,研究侧梁截面尺寸的优化方法。优化后的侧梁最大等效应力由186.27MPa降低到168.87MPa,降低了12.35%,质量由20.27kg降低到17.767Kg,降低了9.34%。在此基础上,进一步以侧梁厚度和高度为设计变量,通过参数灵敏度分析,确定出对等效应力不敏感但对重量敏感的3个设计变量,并根据响应曲线,分析设计变量和目标函数的变化规律。通过对侧梁的优化设计,实现了侧梁的轻量化,降低了生产成本,使侧梁结构更加趋于合理,并为电梯其他结构部件的优化设计提供了参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:Facing the diversity of market demand and the increasingly fierce market competition, elevator enterprises put forward higher requirements for their product coverage, development cycle and cost. The enterprise not only improves the efficiency of product design and reduces the repetitive work, but also takes into account the safety of product quality and product structure in order to ensure the efficient, safe and reliable operation of elevators. Obviously, the traditional design method is not able to achieve the speed of elevator industry development, the rapid development of market demand needs to improve the design method. As a new design method, parameterized design method has great application value in product serialization design, similarity design and optimization design because of its design modeling, finite element analysis and optimization. It can also shorten the design and development cycle of products, reduce the cost of products, improve the production efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises, which has important social and economic significance. This subject takes the elevator frame as the research object, takes Creo and ANSYS Workbench as the tool, studies the parametric modeling method of the elevator frame based on Top-Down, realizes the consistent transfer of the design information through the layout design, the initial product structure and the skeleton model. Finally, the parameterized model of the car frame can be regenerated by using the global key parameters to drive the whole model, and then the finite element model is created, and the statics analysis of the structure is carried out on the basis of meshing, constraint and loading. The safety and reliability of the structure and the necessity of optimization design are verified. In this paper, a new idea of optimal design of elevator frame parameters is put forward. Taking the side beam as an example, according to the theory of optimization design, genetic algorithm and experimental design, the cross section size and thickness of side beam are taken as design variables. Taking the maximum equivalent stress and the mass of the lateral beam as the objective function, the optimization method of the cross-section size of the lateral beam is studied. The maximum equivalent stress of the optimized side beam is reduced from 186.27 MPA to 168.87 MPA, and the mass is reduced from 20.27kg to 17.767 kg / g, and the mass is reduced from 9.34 to 17.767 kg / g, and the maximum equivalent stress is reduced from 186.27 MPA to 168.87 MPA. On this basis, taking the thickness and height of the side beam as design variables, three design variables which are not sensitive to equivalent stress but sensitive to weight are determined by parameter sensitivity analysis, and according to the response curve, The variation of design variables and objective functions is analyzed. Through the optimization design of the side beam, the light weight of the side beam is realized, the production cost is reduced, the side beam structure is more reasonable, and the reference and reference are provided for the optimization design of other structural parts of elevator.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU857

【参考文献】