灰色理论在桩基超声波检测中评价与预测研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 16:25

本文选题：超声波 + 桩基检测　；参考：《沈阳建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在工程施工过程中,桩基工程存在着很多引起质量问题的不确定因素,为保障工程项目整体顺利进行,对桩基工程的质量检验方法的研究成为重中之重。桩基检测的方法有很多,诸如低应变检测法、钻芯法、高应变检测法、超声波检测法等,每种方法都各具特色,但都有一个弊端,就是都是以单一的声学参数对桩身质量进行评估,这种方法不够科学。超声波检测法目前以其检测范围广、数据相对稳定、不易受长径比的影响等特点被广泛应用,但此法对缺陷位置不能进行定量分析,且不能综合考虑所有声学参数,且检测过程繁琐,浪费人力,具有一定的局限性。本文依据实际工程中桩基检测的需要,针对超声波检测法评估和预测桩基混凝土完整性进行深入研究,以灰色系统理论与超声波检测法相结合来分析桩基质量为研究的主要内容。本文的研究目的是利用实际工程中超声波检测的数据,采用灰色体统理论中灰色聚类评估法对桩身完整性进行科学评价,以避免实际工程中依靠人为经验对模糊桩进行评价,同时采用灰色系统理论中的GM(1,1)模型对桩身质量进行有效预测,以避免不必要的人力物力,为施工单位节省资源。文章阐述了超声波检测桩身内部混凝土质量的一般方法、评判桩身完整性的评判方法以及桩身缺陷的检测方法,并总结出目前采用单一的声学参数指标来评判桩身完整性的准确性备受质疑,且比较容易浪费人力物力,需要找到一种更加科学有效的方法来确保检测结果的准确性并避免资源浪费。同时文中也研究了灰色系统理论、灰色预测以及灰色评估,总结出灰色系统理论在不同领域中解决不确定问题的时效性,从而大胆的研究超声波检测中检测数据与灰色系统理论之间的联系,研究后发现灰色系统理论能够依据超声波检测结果准确的表达桩身完整性。因此,文中用相应的数学方法加以证明,并提出了自己的建议。为了验证灰色系统理论在超声波检测桩身完整性中的可行性,本文以实际工程中的数据为依据,着重引入灰色聚类评价法,建立了灰色聚类模型,通过大量工程实例证实灰色聚类能够综合多种影响因素,能够对超声波检测的评估结果进行精确评估,能够非常真实的反应桩基质量,且与其他评估方法进行对比,证明这种方法更加科学；同时引入灰色理论中GM(1,1)模型,以灰色聚类评价法的科学判定结果为基础,通过采用实际检测数据建立GM(1,1)模型,将预测结果与实际检测结果对比,验证了GM(1,1)模型在桩基超声波检测中的可应用性,可以用少量数值有效预测出桩身质量的完整性,这种方法的提出,可以有效节省人力物力。
[Abstract]:In the process of engineering construction, there are many uncertain factors that cause quality problems in pile foundation engineering. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the whole project, the research on quality inspection method of pile foundation engineering becomes the most important. There are many methods for pile foundation detection, such as low strain detection, core drilling, high strain detection, ultrasonic testing and so on. Each method has its own characteristics, but it has a disadvantage. This method is not scientific enough to evaluate the pile mass with a single acoustic parameter. Ultrasonic testing method is widely used because of its wide range of detection, relatively stable data, and is not easily affected by aspect ratio. However, it can not be quantitatively analyzed and all acoustic parameters can not be considered comprehensively. And the detection process is cumbersome, wasting manpower, and has certain limitations. In this paper, according to the need of pile foundation detection in practical engineering, the ultrasonic testing method is used to evaluate and predict the integrity of pile foundation concrete. The main content of the study is the combination of grey system theory and ultrasonic detection method to analyze the quality of pile foundation. The purpose of this paper is to scientifically evaluate the integrity of pile body by using the data of ultrasonic detection in practical engineering and the grey cluster evaluation method in grey system theory, so as to avoid using artificial experience to evaluate fuzzy pile in practical engineering. In order to avoid unnecessary manpower and material resources and save resources for construction units, the GM (1 / 1) model of grey system theory is used to effectively predict the quality of pile body at the same time. This paper expounds the general method of ultrasonic testing the quality of concrete inside the pile body, the evaluation method of evaluating the integrity of the pile body and the detecting method of the defect of the pile body. It is concluded that the accuracy of using single acoustic parameter index to judge the integrity of pile body is questioned, and it is easy to waste manpower and material resources. A more scientific and effective method is needed to ensure the accuracy of the test results and avoid the waste of resources. At the same time, the grey system theory, grey prediction and grey evaluation are also studied, and the timeliness of grey system theory in solving uncertain problems in different fields is summarized. It is found that the theory of grey system can accurately express the integrity of pile body according to the results of ultrasonic testing. Therefore, the paper uses the corresponding mathematical method to prove, and puts forward its own suggestions. In order to verify the feasibility of the grey system theory in the ultrasonic testing of pile body integrity, the grey clustering model is established based on the actual engineering data and the grey clustering evaluation method. Through a large number of engineering examples, it is proved that grey clustering can synthesize many influencing factors, can accurately evaluate the evaluation results of ultrasonic testing, can reflect the pile foundation quality very truthfully, and is compared with other evaluation methods. It is proved that this method is more scientific, at the same time, the GM (1K1) model is introduced into the grey theory, and based on the scientific judgment result of the grey cluster evaluation method, the GM (1K1) model is established by using the actual test data, and the predicted results are compared with the actual test results. The applicability of GM (1 / 1) model in ultrasonic testing of pile foundation is verified and the integrality of pile quality can be effectively predicted by a small amount of numerical value. This method can save manpower and material resources effectively.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU473.16

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