基于Mike Urban的小城市排水内涝规划

发布时间：2018-07-21 12:55

【摘要】：在全球气候变暖的大背景下,近几十年来,极端天气事件发生的频率明显提升,其中极端降雨引起的城市内涝在我国各城市频繁发生,给人民群众的生命财产安全造成了严重影响。城市雨水管网系统是城市的重要基础设施之一,担负着收集和排除雨水的职责。过去,我国大部分城市雨水管网的设计重现期一般为1~3年,而超过这个标准的降雨事件就极可能造成城市的内涝灾害。然而一些小城市设计重现期一般在0.5~1年之间,加上小城市排水设施建设落后和应急管理能力不足,内涝问题的出现就更加频繁。如何有效地改善城市的排水系统,预防内涝灾害的发生,已经成为政府重视,百姓关心的重点民生问题。由于传统排水管网的计算往往是采用经验公式法,这种方法在计算过程中做了比较多的概化,并且计算过程只考虑峰值流量,未考虑整体全过程。相比传统方法,利用软件模拟法得到的结果更加准确、全面。本文的主要研究内容及成果如下。1.城市内涝的成因分析。内涝成因主要分自然因素和人为因素。2.雨水管网基本信息的整理。首先,通过地理信息系统(GIS)等软件将管线普查资料进行加工,再利用鸿业CAD软件将普查资料转化成为鸿业CAD文件。雨水管网基本信息的收集、整理、录入是建立内涝模拟模型过程中最为费时费力的工作,也是对模型精度影响极大的一项工作。3.雨水管网信息的转化。应用AMIAS软件对浙江省E市的雨水管网进行预处理,转化为Mike Urban能够识别的格式。雨水管网信息的整理和转化是后续建模工作的基础。4.雨水管网内涝模拟模型建立。以浙江省E市雨水管网系统为实例,根据E市的雨水系统的现状,利用Mike Urban软件,建立E市的雨水管网内涝模拟模型。首先,确定雨水管网模型所需的基本参数,其次,进行集水区的划分和连接,再次,确定降雨边界条件,最后完成产流模型和管流模型的建立。5.雨水现状管网排水能力校核及内涝模拟。计算不同重现期时自由出流和淹没出流情况下,雨水检查井的溢流量,根据E市雨水管网内涝模型模拟的结果,得到各种工况下城市排水系统的表现,判断内涝分布情况,找出存在的易涝点。6.排水内涝规划制订。根据雨水管网内涝模拟模型的计算结果,做出有针对性的雨水管网规划,并拟定出解决城市内涝的短期应急方案和长期可持续方案。7.提出解决城市内涝问题的对策及建议。
[Abstract]:In the context of global warming, the frequency of extreme weather events has increased significantly in recent decades, among which the urban waterlogging caused by extreme rainfall occurs frequently in various cities in China. The safety of life and property of the people has been seriously affected. Urban rainwater network system is one of the important infrastructure of the city, which is responsible for collecting and eliminating Rain Water. In the past, the design recurrence period of rainwater pipe network in most cities of China was generally 1 ~ 3 years, but rainfall events above this standard are likely to cause urban waterlogging disaster. However, the recurrence period of design in some small cities is generally within 0.5 ~ 1 years. In addition, the drainage facilities construction in small cities is backward and the emergency management capacity is insufficient, so the problem of waterlogging appears more frequently. How to effectively improve the urban drainage system and prevent the occurrence of waterlogging disaster has become a key livelihood issue that the government attaches importance to and people are concerned about. Because the traditional drainage pipe network is often calculated by empirical formula method, this method is more general in the calculation process, and the calculation process only takes into account the peak flow, not the whole process. Compared with the traditional method, the results obtained by software simulation method are more accurate and comprehensive. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows. 1. Analysis of the causes of urban waterlogging. The causes of waterlogging mainly include natural factors and human factors. The arrangement of basic information of rainwater pipe network. Firstly, the pipeline survey data is processed by GIS software, and then the census data is transformed into Hongye CAD file by using Hongye CAD software. Collecting, sorting and inputting the basic information of rainwater pipe network is the most time-consuming and laborious work in the process of establishing the waterlogging simulation model, and it is also a work that has a great influence on the model precision. Transformation of rainwater network information. The rainwater pipe network in E City of Zhejiang Province was pretreated with Amis software and transformed into a format that Mike Urban could recognize. The collation and transformation of rainwater network information is the foundation of subsequent modeling work. The waterlogging simulation model of rainwater pipe network is established. Taking the rainwater pipe network system of E city in Zhejiang province as an example, according to the present situation of Rain Water system in E city, using the software of Mike Urban, the waterlogging simulation model of rainwater pipe network in E city is established. First, determine the basic parameters required for the rainwater network model, secondly, divide and connect the catchment area, thirdly, determine the rainfall boundary conditions, and finally complete the establishment of runoff production model and pipe flow model .5. Rain Water current drainage capacity check and waterlogging simulation. In the case of free discharge and submerged discharge in different recurrence periods, the overflow of Rain Water inspection well is calculated. According to the simulation results of the waterlogging model of rainwater pipe network in E city, the performance of urban drainage system under various working conditions is obtained, and the distribution of waterlogging is judged. Find out the waterlogging point. 6. Drainage and waterlogging planning is formulated. According to the calculation results of the waterlogging simulation model of the rainwater pipe network, this paper makes the targeted rainwater network planning, and draws out the short-term emergency plan and long-term sustainable plan to solve the urban waterlogging. The countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problem of urban waterlogging are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU992.01

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