严寒地区村庄建筑外环境绿色化评价研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 16:41

【摘要】：在国家“十二五”推动下,“绿色发展”理念在城乡建设中逐步得到社会认可,村镇的绿色化发展已成为其发展的主要趋势。村庄的绿色化建设对绿色化村镇整体建设起到了推动作用,同时村庄的建筑外环境是村庄绿色化中的重要组成部分,对村庄人居环境的整体提升有着重要影响。在严寒地区,村庄外环境的建设逐步受到政府与村民的重视,村庄居民对村庄发展和生活环境的品质要求不断提高。本文建立对严寒地区村庄外环境绿色化程度评价体系,为严寒地区村庄外环境的优化建设与绿色化发展提供重要支撑。首先,本文研究了绿色建筑环境体系的相关概念,综合国内外对于绿色建筑、绿色村镇、指标体系构建的相关研究成果,对比各类研究方法的优点与不足。由于村庄外环境多耦合性与复杂动态性,选用模糊评价的方法对村庄的外环境进行综合评价,并对方法的运用过程以及所需要的数据信息进行整理。在收集村庄外环境建设评价有关资料、数据和理论方法的基础上,对严寒地区的6个村庄进行实地调研,掌握了村庄建筑外环境建设现状的第一手数据资料,解析外环境现存的问题并总结出村庄外环境绿色化的主要相关因素。其次,综合考虑村庄人工系统、自然系统以及社会管理系统,构建严寒地区村庄外环境绿色化评价的指标体系。以实地调研结论为依据,选取可操作性强、具有针对性的指标,使指标体系的构建体现地域特征并能与国家、地方的各类规范接轨。运用德菲尔法对指标进行甄选,再依据调研结果进行修证,得到指标库,采用改进的层次分析法进行指标权重的设置,在村庄建筑外环境绿色化的评价中,将指标体系作为评价的主要依据。最后,构建模糊评价的模型,对严寒地区村庄的建筑外环境绿色化程度进行评价,结合实例进行模型的应用说明。对指标单元进行分类,采用规范条例赋值、类比赋值以及推算赋值的方法对软硬指标分别赋值,得到评价指标的评价等级标准。依据调研结果以及评价标准构建指标相应的隶属函数,利用隶属函数对村庄外环境的相关数据进行转化从而得到模糊集合,并以此评价结果可以对村庄外环境绿色化的情况进行讨论。最后,以吉林省长春市长兴村的建筑外环境评价为例,对整套评价体系进行实际操作,再对6个调研村庄分别进行评价,对多个村庄的评价结果进行横向对比,并以评价结果为依据进行村庄外环境绿色化的分析,对村庄的绿色化发展提出合理建议。
[Abstract]:The concept of "green development" has been gradually recognized by the society in the construction of urban and rural areas, and the green development of villages and towns has become the main trend of its development. The green construction of villages promotes the overall construction of green villages and towns. Meanwhile, the external environment of villages is an important part of the village greening, which has an important impact on the overall promotion of village human settlements. In the cold area, the construction of the environment outside the village has been paid more and more attention by the government and the villagers, and the demands of the village residents on the development of the village and the quality of the living environment have been improved. In this paper, the evaluation system of the green degree of the village environment outside the cold area is established, which provides important support for the optimization construction and the green development of the environment outside the village in the cold area. Firstly, this paper studies the related concepts of green building environment system, synthesizes the relative research results of green building, green village and town, index system, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of research methods. Because of the multi-coupling and complex dynamics of the environment outside the village, the fuzzy evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate the external environment of the village, and the application process and the needed data information of the method are sorted out. On the basis of collecting relevant information, data and theoretical methods for the evaluation of environmental construction outside the village, the field investigation is carried out on 6 villages in the cold area, and the first-hand data of the present situation of the construction of the environment outside the building of the village are grasped. Analyze the existing problems of the external environment and summarize the main related factors of the green environment outside the village. Secondly, considering the village artificial system, the natural system and the social management system, the index system of green evaluation of the environment outside the village in the cold area is constructed. Based on the findings of field investigation, this paper selects the indexes with strong maneuverability and pertinence, so that the construction of the index system can reflect the regional characteristics and be in line with all kinds of national and local norms. The index is selected by using the Defel method, and the index database is obtained according to the result of investigation, and the index weight is set up by using the improved Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which is used in the evaluation of the green environment outside the village building. The index system is regarded as the main basis of evaluation. Finally, the fuzzy evaluation model is constructed to evaluate the green degree of the outside environment of the villages in the cold area, and the application of the model is illustrated by an example. The index unit is classified, and the evaluation grade standard of evaluation index is obtained by using the methods of standard rule assignment, analogy assignment and calculation assignment to assign the soft and hard indexes respectively. According to the investigation results and the evaluation criteria, the corresponding membership function is constructed, and the fuzzy set is obtained by transforming the relevant data of the village environment by using the membership function. Based on the evaluation results, the green environment outside the village can be discussed. Finally, taking the external environment evaluation of Changxing Village in Changchun City, Jilin Province as an example, the whole evaluation system is operated in practice, and then the six research villages are evaluated separately, and the evaluation results of several villages are compared horizontally. Based on the evaluation results, the green environment outside the village is analyzed, and some reasonable suggestions for the green development of the village are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29

【参考文献】