北京地区高层绿色办公建筑应用自然通风的相关研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 12:39

【摘要】：高层、超高层建筑能耗居高不下的问题在当今我国政府全面推行《绿色建筑评价标准》的大环境下日益凸显。自然通风技术可以有效地在建筑全生命周期节约能源,却很少被应用于我国高层、超高层办公建筑的设计当中。解决如何在北京等寒冷地区的高层绿色办公建筑中运用自然通风技术迫在眉睫。本文研究的主要内容包括:(1)分析国内外高层绿色建筑自然通风运用现状,探索推广高层、超高层绿色建筑自然通风技术的难点;(2)通过现场实测掌握了过渡季北京某高层建筑热压垂直分布以及自然通风对其产生的影响,分析了高层建筑采用窗式通风器进行自然通风的通风效果以及基于北京市典型气象年气候数据的自然通风节能潜力;(3)对过渡季北京某超高层建筑核心井垂直高度热压及风压分布进行了测量;(4)运用多区域网络模拟软件CONTAMW及计算流体动力学软件PHOENICS建立超高层建筑自然通风数学模型,经与实测值比对,验证了研究建立的数学模型的正确性;(5)利用该模型讨论了建筑在热压和风压共同作用下的自然通风效果,通过对不同风向、不同朝向、不同高度的大量办公房间的自然通风效果模拟分析,提出北京市高层办公建筑采用自然通风实现节能的策略,为高层建筑绿色化运行设计提供参考。实测及模拟结果显示,自然通风会降低高层建筑“烟囱效应”中性面高度。被动式自然通风技术较宜在超高层绿色建筑中性面以下楼层运用,较高楼层需配合辅助结构和设施以增强自然通风动力,从而提高高层绿色建筑整体自然通风效果,实现绿色高层建筑全生命周期内的节能环保效果。
[Abstract]:The problem of high energy consumption of high-rise and super high-rise buildings has become increasingly prominent in the environment of carrying out the Green Building Evaluation Standard in an all-round way by our government. Natural ventilation technology can save energy effectively in the whole life cycle of buildings, but it is seldom used in the design of high-rise and super-high-rise office buildings in China. It is urgent to solve the problem of using natural ventilation technology in green office buildings in cold areas such as Beijing. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) analyzing the present situation of natural ventilation in high-rise green buildings at home and abroad, exploring and popularizing high-rise buildings, The difficulties of natural ventilation technology for super high-rise green buildings are discussed. (2) the vertical distribution of hot pressure and the influence of natural ventilation on a high-rise building in Beijing during the transition season are grasped through the field measurements. This paper analyzes the ventilation effect of natural ventilation by window type ventilator in high-rise buildings and the energy saving potential of natural ventilation based on typical meteorological and climatic data of Beijing. (3) Vertical height of core well of a super high-rise building in transition season in Beijing The hot pressure and wind pressure distribution are measured. (4) the mathematical model of natural ventilation for super high-rise building is established by using multi-area network simulation software CONTAMW and computational fluid dynamics software PHOENICS. The correctness of the mathematical model is verified by comparison with the measured values. (5) the natural ventilation effect of buildings under the combined action of hot pressure and wind pressure is discussed by using the model. Based on the simulation and analysis of the effect of natural ventilation in a large number of office rooms with different heights, this paper puts forward the strategy of using natural ventilation to realize energy saving in Beijing high-rise office buildings, which provides a reference for the green operation design of high-rise buildings. The measured and simulated results show that natural ventilation can reduce the height of "chimney effect" neutral surface in high-rise buildings. Passive natural ventilation technology is more suitable to be used in the upper green buildings below the neutral surface, and the higher floors should be combined with auxiliary structures and facilities to enhance the natural ventilation power, thus improving the overall natural ventilation effect of the high-rise green buildings. Realize the energy saving and environmental protection effect in the whole life cycle of green high-rise building.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU834.1

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