干混砂浆运输车上装传动系统试验及数值仿真

发布时间：2018-09-11 20:31

【摘要】：近几年,随着我国建筑施工体系标准逐渐完善,对于工程质量和建设施工环保要求将不断提高,引起干混砂浆商品化,干混砂浆运输车被广泛的应用于建筑工程领域。干混砂浆运输车上装传动系统作为上装部分的核心部件,它的好坏决定着卸料能否顺利进行。干混砂浆运输车的工作条件复杂,上装传动系统容易发生故障。针对上装传动系统故障问题,进行了上装传动系统实车试验,然后运用多体动力学理论和赫兹接触理论,建立了上装传动系统刚柔耦合模型,仿真得到螺栓的拉力结果,再校核螺栓和螺栓孔的强度,最后对传动轴进行振动分析、疲劳分析,以及对支架的疲劳分析。主要做了以下几个方面研究工作:(1)通过了解干混砂浆运输车的结构和工作原理,确定了干混砂浆运输车实车试验的分析方案,包括传感器的选择、传感器的布置方式、数据采集软件的选择、试验工况的确定,然后进行实车试验,得到传动轴的跳动量、转速和力矩数据,空气压缩机的气体压力数据,根据这些数据进行分析对比,特别是对力矩进行频谱分析,验证了试验数据的可靠性。这些数据为之后的仿真做好准备。(2)介绍了多体动力学理论和赫兹接触理论,在这基础之上,讨论了干混砂浆运输车上装传动系统刚柔耦合动力学模型的建立过程和方法,包括用弹簧代替螺栓进行仿真,弹簧刚度的设置,滚动轴承接触参数的设置,空气压缩机气体压力转化成力矩。然后从传动轴的跳动量方面验证刚柔耦合动力学模型的可靠性,最后动力学仿真分析得到螺栓的拉力结果,再校核螺栓和螺栓孔的强度。(3)对实际传动轴进行模态分析,研究实际传动轴断裂是否由振动引起;实际传动轴的有限元分析,传动轴材料S-N曲线的绘制,分析在两个转速下实际传动轴是否发生疲劳断裂;还有对改进叉耳的传动轴进行模态分析和疲劳分析;最后是绘制了支架材料S-N曲线,分析支架是否发生疲劳断裂。本文采用的试验和仿真分析方法,对研究干混砂浆运输车上装传动系统故障测试及诊断有一定的参考价值,对工程实际有一定的借鉴作用和指导意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual improvement of construction system standards in our country, the requirements for project quality and environmental protection will be constantly improved, resulting in the commercialization of dry-mixed mortar. Dry-mixed mortar trucks are widely used in the field of construction engineering. The working conditions of dry-mixed mortar truck are complex and the upper transmission system is easy to break down. Aiming at the problem of the fault of the upper transmission system, the test of the upper transmission system is carried out. Then the rigid-flexible coupling model of the upper transmission system is established by using the multi-body dynamics theory and Hertz contact theory. Finally, vibration analysis, fatigue analysis, and fatigue analysis of the transmission shaft are carried out. The main research work is as follows: (1) Through understanding the structure and working principle of the dry-mixed mortar truck, the test analysis of the dry-mixed mortar truck is determined. The scheme includes the selection of sensors, the arrangement of sensors, the selection of data acquisition software, the determination of test conditions. Then the vehicle test is carried out to obtain the data of transmission shaft runout, rotational speed and torque, and the gas pressure data of air compressor. (2) Introduced the multi-body dynamics theory and Hertz contact theory, on the basis of which, discussed the establishment process and method of rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model of the loading transmission system of dry-mixed mortar truck, including the simulation using spring instead of bolt, spring stiffness. Then the reliability of the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model is verified from the runout of the transmission shaft. Finally, the tensile force of the bolt is obtained by dynamic simulation analysis, and the strength of the bolt and the bolt hole is checked. (3) The modal analysis of the actual transmission shaft is carried out. This paper studies whether the actual transmission shaft fracture is caused by vibration; the actual transmission shaft finite element analysis, transmission shaft material S-N curve drawing, analysis of the actual transmission shaft fatigue fracture under two rotational speeds; and the improved lug transmission shaft modal analysis and fatigue analysis; finally draws the S-N curve of the support material, analysis. Whether the bracket has fatigue fracture or not, the test and simulation analysis methods adopted in this paper have certain reference value for studying the fault test and diagnosis of the transmission system installed on dry-mixed mortar truck, and have certain reference value and guiding significance for engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU646

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