智能建筑无中心平台架构研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 22:36

【摘要】：建筑的信息化和智能化是当代建筑的发展趋势。随着IT和互联网技术向各个工程应用领域的深入渗透,以及电子加工与制造技术的不断提升,现代建筑,特别是大型公共建筑,已经配置了大规模的传感器网络和自动控制系统。然而,在实际运行中这些智能建筑并不那么“智能”,多数自控系统甚至处于半瘫痪的状态。导致建筑自控系统应用困境的根本原因是,集中式的系统架构引发一系列工程实践瓶颈,影响最终功能使用效果,并且集中式系统难以满足建筑智能化急速膨胀的需求。为此,清华大学建筑节能研究中心开发了一套建筑无中心平台,全面服务于现代建筑的运行、控制和管理,采用扁平化的系统架构,从根本上解决了建筑自控领域现有的诸多问题。本文从理论上分析建筑无中心信息系统,对该系统的可行性、基本元素设计、系统架构设计、系统运行的稳定性和控制决策的有效性等问题,进行全面深入的分析和讨论。主要包括三方面工作:第一,从无中心系统的角度构建建筑以及各类机电系统的模型。将整个建筑系统看作是建筑空间和源类设备两种基本单元的组合,通过定义基本单元的标准化信息内容和基本单元的连接方式,给出描述建筑及系统的通用方法。以此,明确了新系统中智能节点和网络拓扑的定义方法。第二,从无中心系统的角度构建建筑运行任务的模型。将系统监测、机电控制、故障诊断、管理操作等各类建筑运行任务分为四类基本问题,即扩散问题、求和问题、分配问题和单点问题。每一类问题都与若干类功能服务应用相对应,具有特定的组网和求解模式。文中对每一类问题给出了标准定义,并辅以大量案例解释说明。以此,明确新系统应用于建筑运行管理的普适性和有效性。第三,建立新系统的数学模型。采用数学建模的方法,标准化定义建筑信息系统以及四类基本运行问题,详细分析每类问题网络计算的可行性、收敛性、稳定性。以此,明确了系统在实际运行中的稳定可靠。
[Abstract]:The information and intelligence of architecture is the development trend of contemporary architecture. With the penetration of IT and Internet technology into various fields of engineering application, as well as the continuous improvement of electronic processing and manufacturing technology, modern buildings, especially large public buildings, Large-scale sensor networks and automatic control systems have been configured. However, in practice, these intelligent buildings are not so "intelligent", most of the automatic control system is even in a semi-paralyzed state. The basic reason for the application dilemma of building automation system is that the centralized system structure causes a series of engineering practice bottlenecks, which affects the final function effect, and the centralized system can not meet the needs of the rapid expansion of building intelligence. Therefore, the Building Energy Conservation Research Center of Tsinghua University has developed a set of building without center platform, which can fully serve the operation, control and management of modern buildings, and adopt a flat system framework. It fundamentally solves many existing problems in the field of building automation. In this paper, the feasibility of the system, the design of basic elements, the design of system architecture, the stability of system operation and the effectiveness of control decision are analyzed and discussed in detail. The main work includes three aspects: first, from the point of view of centerless system to construct the building and all kinds of mechanical and electrical system models. The whole building system is regarded as the combination of the building space and the source equipment. By defining the standardized information content of the basic unit and the connection mode of the basic unit, the general method of describing the architecture and the system is given. The definition method of intelligent node and network topology in the new system is clarified. Second, from the point of view of centerless system, the model of building operation task is constructed. The tasks of system monitoring, electromechanical control, fault diagnosis, management and operation are divided into four basic problems, namely, diffusion problem, sum problem, assignment problem and single point problem. Each problem corresponds to a number of functional service applications and has a specific networking and solution model. In this paper, a standard definition of each problem is given, and a large number of case explanations are given. In this paper, the applicability and effectiveness of the new system in building operation management are clarified. Third, establish the mathematical model of the new system. The mathematical modeling method is used to standardize the definition of building information system and four kinds of basic operation problems. The feasibility, convergence and stability of network calculation for each kind of problem are analyzed in detail. In this way, it is clear that the system is stable and reliable in actual operation.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU855

【相似文献】