生活圈视角下泾阳县乡村社区基本公共服务设施配置研究
发布时间：2018-10-31 15:43
【摘要】：我国是一个农业人口大国。有研究显示65%的城镇化率符合我国国情,2014年我国城镇化率达到54.77%,但仍有45.23%的国民长期生产、生活在乡村,可见乡村在我国的地位至关重要。随着我国城镇化进程的加快,乡村社区面临着一场史无前例的巨大变革。在2006年,中共十六届六中全会出台《关于构建和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》,首次从国家层面提出建设乡村社区的任务,并提出逐步实现基本公共服务均等化的目标,重点完善社区管理和服务体系。2010年国家“十二五”规划纲要指出要“加强社会建设,建立健全基本公共服务体系,加强农村基础设施建设和公共服务建设”。2014年国家层面的城镇化规划出台,表明乡村社会的建设受到国家的重视,其建设已经成为国家统筹城乡发展、实现城乡一体化建设的有效途径之一。随着乡村地区社会经济的发展,乡村社区居民的生活方式和消费观念逐渐向现代化方向转型。长期以来我国传统的公共服务设施配建重点地区是城市,致使当前广大乡村社区公共服务设施的配建直接套用城市标准,即按照“镇区——中心村——自然村”的等级序列和公共服务“人均指标”进行配建。此方法忽略了乡村社区和城市社区各自的特征,即乡村社区之间分布松散,公共服务的共享率明显低于城市社区,乡村社区的公共服务设施使用具有明显的“唯一性”。如此,城镇与基层村落公共服务体系出现严重脱节,镇区部分公共服务设施使用效率偏低、资源闲置,而基层村落公共服务设施供给不足或相对过剩的现象。总之,随着社会经济的发展,我国乡村社区当前的公共服务供给机制、配建方法和理念已经难以满足广大乡村社区居民日益增长的公共服务需求。鉴于此,本文以陕西泾阳县乡村社区居民对基本公共服务的实际需求和偏好为研究主体,引入地理学“生活圈”理念,结合城镇化过程中乡村社区居民点体系演变,构建以乡村松散“大社区”为其过渡形态的居民点体系,并在乡村社区已有的交通廊道(乡道、县道)和规划中道路交通体系的基础上,分别在基本公共服务设施空间配置和设施配置建议指标两个层面进行研究。以期在乡村社区持续城镇化的过程中,满足乡村社区居民在不同社会经济发展阶段下对基本公共服务的需求,做到远近兼顾,实现乡村社区基本公共服务的最优化配置和高效使用。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural population. Some studies show that 65% of the urbanization rate is in line with the situation of our country. In 2014, the urbanization rate of our country reached 54.77%, but there are still 45.23% of the national long-term production, living in the countryside, so the status of the countryside in our country is very important. With the acceleration of urbanization in China, rural communities are facing an unprecedented transformation. In 2006, the sixth Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee issued the decision on several important issues of Building a harmonious Society, putting forward for the first time the task of building rural communities at the national level and the goal of gradually achieving equalization of basic public services. Emphasis is placed on improving community management and service systems. The outline of the National 12th Five-Year Plan for 2010 states that it is necessary to "strengthen social construction and establish and improve the basic public service system," Strengthening rural infrastructure construction and public service construction ". The introduction of the urbanization plan at the national level in 2014 shows that the construction of rural society has been attached great importance to by the state, and its construction has become the country's overall planning for urban and rural development. One of the effective ways to realize the integration of urban and rural areas. With the development of social economy in rural areas, the way of life and consumption concept of rural community residents are gradually transformed to modernization. For a long time, the focus area of traditional public service facilities in China is the city, which leads to the direct application of urban standards to the construction of public service facilities in rural communities. That is, according to the "township-central village-natural village" grade sequence and public service "per capita index" to build. This method ignores the characteristics of rural communities and urban communities, that is, the distribution of rural communities is loose, the sharing rate of public services is obviously lower than that of urban communities, and the use of public service facilities in rural communities has obvious "uniqueness". Thus, there is a serious disconnection between the public service system of towns and grass-roots villages, the use efficiency of some public service facilities in towns is on the low side, the resources are idle, and the supply of public service facilities in grass-roots villages is insufficient or relatively surplus. In a word, with the development of social economy, it is difficult to meet the increasing public service demand of the residents of rural communities by the current public service supply mechanism, construction methods and concepts of rural communities in our country. In view of this, this paper takes the actual needs and preferences of rural community residents in Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province, as the main body of study, introduces the concept of "life circle" of geography, and combines with the evolution of rural community residential system in the process of urbanization. Based on the existing traffic corridors (rural roads, county roads) and the planned road traffic system in rural communities, a residential system with the transition form of loose "big communities" in rural areas is constructed. The spatial allocation of basic public service facilities and the proposed indicators of facilities allocation are studied respectively. In order to meet the needs of rural community residents for basic public services in different stages of social and economic development in the process of sustainable urbanization of rural communities, To achieve the optimal allocation and efficient use of basic public services in rural communities.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29
本文编号：2302737
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural population. Some studies show that 65% of the urbanization rate is in line with the situation of our country. In 2014, the urbanization rate of our country reached 54.77%, but there are still 45.23% of the national long-term production, living in the countryside, so the status of the countryside in our country is very important. With the acceleration of urbanization in China, rural communities are facing an unprecedented transformation. In 2006, the sixth Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee issued the decision on several important issues of Building a harmonious Society, putting forward for the first time the task of building rural communities at the national level and the goal of gradually achieving equalization of basic public services. Emphasis is placed on improving community management and service systems. The outline of the National 12th Five-Year Plan for 2010 states that it is necessary to "strengthen social construction and establish and improve the basic public service system," Strengthening rural infrastructure construction and public service construction ". The introduction of the urbanization plan at the national level in 2014 shows that the construction of rural society has been attached great importance to by the state, and its construction has become the country's overall planning for urban and rural development. One of the effective ways to realize the integration of urban and rural areas. With the development of social economy in rural areas, the way of life and consumption concept of rural community residents are gradually transformed to modernization. For a long time, the focus area of traditional public service facilities in China is the city, which leads to the direct application of urban standards to the construction of public service facilities in rural communities. That is, according to the "township-central village-natural village" grade sequence and public service "per capita index" to build. This method ignores the characteristics of rural communities and urban communities, that is, the distribution of rural communities is loose, the sharing rate of public services is obviously lower than that of urban communities, and the use of public service facilities in rural communities has obvious "uniqueness". Thus, there is a serious disconnection between the public service system of towns and grass-roots villages, the use efficiency of some public service facilities in towns is on the low side, the resources are idle, and the supply of public service facilities in grass-roots villages is insufficient or relatively surplus. In a word, with the development of social economy, it is difficult to meet the increasing public service demand of the residents of rural communities by the current public service supply mechanism, construction methods and concepts of rural communities in our country. In view of this, this paper takes the actual needs and preferences of rural community residents in Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province, as the main body of study, introduces the concept of "life circle" of geography, and combines with the evolution of rural community residential system in the process of urbanization. Based on the existing traffic corridors (rural roads, county roads) and the planned road traffic system in rural communities, a residential system with the transition form of loose "big communities" in rural areas is constructed. The spatial allocation of basic public service facilities and the proposed indicators of facilities allocation are studied respectively. In order to meet the needs of rural community residents for basic public services in different stages of social and economic development in the process of sustainable urbanization of rural communities, To achieve the optimal allocation and efficient use of basic public services in rural communities.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29
【参考文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 解垩;城乡卫生医疗服务均等化研究[D];山东大学;2009年
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