深圳典型城市街峡热环境数值模拟研究

发布时间：2019-04-20 11:46

【摘要】：随着城市化水平的提升,大规模的城市建设导致城市下垫面发生改变,城市热环境不断恶化。而城市街峡作为城市下垫面的基本构成单元和居民户外活动的主要场所,它的热环境状况与城市热环境状况及居民生活质量息息相关。因此,如何在满足城市中心区紧凑发展的需求下,科学合理的进行城市街峡设计,是现阶段城市规划和建筑设计中面临的重大挑战。近年来,国内出现了大量有关城市热环境的研究,虽然有部分关于城市街峡热环境的研究,但是针对干热地区的研究较多,针对湿热地区的研究较少。并且,即使有学者以指导城市设计为出发点对城市街峡热环境展开研究,并提出了一些改善建议,但这些改善建议大多为定性描述,并未给出定量答案,这样的研究结论较难应用于实际设计中。针对上述不足,本文以深圳典型城市街峡热环境为研究对象,以能为城市热环境提供有益参考为研究目的,基于数值模拟的方法展开了以下研究。在此目的下,总结了城市街峡热环境的相关理论和研究方法,初步分析了城市街峡热环境的影响因素和影响机制。并依据热环境的影响机制,选择对城市街峡热环境影响较为明显的城市街峡设计因素对深圳市的城市街峡进行分类,从城市街峡平面特征、剖面特征以及下垫面特征三个方面归纳出深圳市的典型街峡类型。然后,依据城市街峡特征明显和类型丰富的原则选择了西丽366大街片区内的三条典型街峡进行实例研究,通过实地调研和数值模拟的方法对片区内三条典型街峡进行热环境模拟分析,并依据热环境的主要参数和标准有效温度SET对片区内的典型街峡热环境进行评价分析,总结了街峡热环境的变化规律,比较了不同因素对街峡热环境的影响程度。最后,在实例研究的基础上,设计多组工况对深圳典型城市街峡进行模拟分析。具体量化城市街峡的走向、几何特征和下垫面特性对城市街峡热环境的影响。并依据数值模拟的结果总结出深圳典型城市街峡的热环境特征,分析不同城市街峡类型对人体热舒适的影响,进而对深圳市的城市街峡提出一定的优化建议。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of urbanization level, large-scale urban construction leads to the change of the underlying surface of the city, and the urban thermal environment is getting worse and worse. The urban street gorge, as the basic unit of the underlying surface of the city and the main place of the residents' outdoor activities, its thermal environment is closely related to the urban thermal environment and the quality of life of the residents. Therefore, how to design the urban street gorge scientifically and rationally under the demand of the compact development of the city center is a major challenge in the urban planning and architectural design at the present stage. In recent years, there have been a lot of studies on urban thermal environment in China. Although there are some studies on urban street fjord thermal environment, there are more studies on dry-hot areas and less research on damp-hot areas. Moreover, even if some scholars start from guiding urban design and put forward some suggestions to improve the urban street fjord environment, most of these suggestions are qualitative description and do not give a quantitative answer. This kind of research conclusion is difficult to apply to the actual design. In view of the above shortcomings, this paper takes the hot environment of street in typical city of Shenzhen as the research object, in order to provide the beneficial reference for the urban thermal environment as the research purpose, and carries out the following research based on the numerical simulation method. For this purpose, the related theories and research methods of urban street fjord heat environment are summarized, and the influencing factors and mechanism of urban street isthmus heat environment are preliminarily analyzed. According to the influence mechanism of thermal environment, the urban street isthmus design factor which has obvious influence on the urban street isthmus environment is selected to classify the urban street isthmus in Shenzhen, from the characteristics of the urban street isthmus plane. The typical street gorge types in Shenzhen are summarized from three aspects: profile characteristics and underlying surface characteristics. Then, according to the principle of obvious characteristics and rich types of urban street gorge, this paper chooses three typical street gorges in Xili 366th Street area to carry on the case study. By means of field investigation and numerical simulation, the thermal environment of three typical street gorges in the area is simulated and analyzed. According to the main parameters of the thermal environment and the standard effective temperature (SET), the thermal environment of the typical street gorge in the area is evaluated and analyzed. The change rule of street fjord heat environment is summarized, and the influence degree of different factors on street isthmus heat environment is compared. Finally, on the basis of case study, the simulation analysis of typical city street gorge in Shenzhen is carried out by designing several groups of working conditions. The influence of the trend, geometric characteristics and underlying surface characteristics of urban street isthmus on the thermal environment of urban street isthmus is quantified in detail. Based on the results of numerical simulation, the thermal environment characteristics of typical urban street gorges in Shenzhen are summarized, and the effects of different types of urban street gorges on human thermal comfort are analyzed. Finally, some optimization suggestions for the urban street gorges in Shenzhen are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984;TU119

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