普洱“茶马古道”生态文化综合风险评价研究
发布时间：2019-05-15 09:20
【摘要】：“茶马古道”以茶马互市而生,兴于唐宋,盛于明清。沿线有随地理环境变化而产生的丰富自然景观和大量民族特色的文化遗存。然而,目前面临着地震、水土流失、病虫害、茶园面积减少、道路密度过高等自然人文双重风险,使得茶马古道的生态、文化受到严重损失。文本以普洱“茶马古道”为研究对象,结合风险评价理论和茶马古道历史文化背景,探讨了茶马古道生态文化综合风险评价模型构建的方法。研究内容和主要结论如下：(1)区域综合风险概率的空间分布。选取影响茶马古道风险的自然风险源：海拔、地震、干旱、洪涝、水土流失、病虫害、滑坡泥石流；与人文风险源：耕地面积增率、茶园面积减少、非物质遗产文化、物质遗产文化、道路密度、古镇面积比、化肥使用、林地减少等作为主要风险源,通过计算分析得到区域的综合风险概率,得出综合风险概率在区域内中间高,东西低的总体格局。(2)区域生态损失值的空间分异：通过景观优势度指数、景观结构指数、景观破碎度指数、景观分离度指数、景观脆弱度指数以及景观损失指数这六种景观格局指数来度量。得出高损失度区主要位于思茅区中西部、澜沧东部和江城南部地区,低损失度区主要位于景谷中部、镇沅部分地区和景东大部分地区。(3)生态文化风险值的空间分异：通过拟合综合风险概率和生态损失度值得出高风险区位于思茅、宁洱地区,低风险区位于孟连、澜沧、江城、镇沅、景谷区域；利用地理加权回归模型分析得到不同地理位置主要受到的风险源影响的分析结果：物质遗产因子的影响范围最大,主要影响中部和南部大部地区；地震的影响范围位于西部和北部,其它风险因子的影响力面积低于10%,在区域各处均有分布。在普洱茶马古道生态文化综合风险的研究上,基于自然与文化双重因子的分析,采用区域生态风险评价模型与地理加权模型的结合,使得研究结果与现状有较高的拟合度,在方法上完善了现有的生态风险评价研究,并为今后“茶马古道”的保护、相关法律的制定提供依据和指导作用。
[Abstract]:The Ancient Road of Tea and Horse was born with tea and horse exchange, flourished in Tang and Song dynasties, and flourished in Ming and Qing dynasties. Along the route, there are rich natural landscape and a large number of cultural relics with national characteristics with the change of geographical environment. However, at present, it is facing the double risks of nature and humanities, such as earthquake, soil erosion, pests and diseases, the reduction of tea garden area and the high road density, which makes the ecology and culture of tea horse ancient road suffer serious loss. Taking Pu'er 's "Tea Horse Road" as the research object, combined with the risk assessment theory and the historical and cultural background of Tea Horse Road, this paper discusses the method of constructing the comprehensive risk assessment model of Tea Horse Ancient Road Ecological Culture. The research contents and main conclusions are as follows: (1) the spatial distribution of regional comprehensive risk probability. Select the natural risk sources that affect the risk of tea and horse ancient road: altitude, earthquake, drought, flood, soil and water loss, diseases and insect pests, landslide and debris flow; And human risk sources: cultivated land area increase rate, tea garden area reduction, intangible heritage culture, road density, ancient town area ratio, chemical fertilizer use, forest land reduction as the main risk sources, Through calculation and analysis, the comprehensive risk probability of the region is obtained, and the overall pattern of the comprehensive risk probability is high in the middle of the region and low in the east and west. (2) Spatial differentiation of regional ecological loss value: through landscape dominance index, landscape structure index, Landscape fragmentation index, landscape separation index, landscape vulnerability index and landscape loss index were measured. It is concluded that the high loss degree area is mainly located in the central and western parts of Simao District, the east of Lancang and the southern part of Jiangcheng, and the low loss degree area is mainly located in the middle of Jinggu. Some areas of Zhenyuan and most areas of Jingdong. (3) Spatial differentiation of ecological and cultural risk values: by fitting the comprehensive risk probability and ecological loss degree, the high risk area is located in Simao, Ninger area, and the low risk area is located in Menglian and Lanchang. Jiangcheng, Zhenyuan, Jinggu area; The analysis results of the main risk sources affected by different geographical locations are obtained by using the geographical weighted regression model: the influence range of material heritage factors is the largest, mainly affecting most of the central and southern regions; The influence range of the earthquake is located in the west and north, and the influence area of other risk factors is less than 10%, which is distributed all over the region. Based on the analysis of the dual factors of nature and culture, the combination of regional ecological risk assessment model and geographical weighted model is adopted in the study of the comprehensive risk of ecological culture in Pu'er Tea Ma Dao, which makes the research results have a high degree of fit with the present situation. In the method, the existing ecological risk assessment research is improved, and the basis and guidance for the protection of "Tea Horse Road" and the formulation of relevant laws in the future are provided.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU984.18
[Abstract]:The Ancient Road of Tea and Horse was born with tea and horse exchange, flourished in Tang and Song dynasties, and flourished in Ming and Qing dynasties. Along the route, there are rich natural landscape and a large number of cultural relics with national characteristics with the change of geographical environment. However, at present, it is facing the double risks of nature and humanities, such as earthquake, soil erosion, pests and diseases, the reduction of tea garden area and the high road density, which makes the ecology and culture of tea horse ancient road suffer serious loss. Taking Pu'er 's "Tea Horse Road" as the research object, combined with the risk assessment theory and the historical and cultural background of Tea Horse Road, this paper discusses the method of constructing the comprehensive risk assessment model of Tea Horse Ancient Road Ecological Culture. The research contents and main conclusions are as follows: (1) the spatial distribution of regional comprehensive risk probability. Select the natural risk sources that affect the risk of tea and horse ancient road: altitude, earthquake, drought, flood, soil and water loss, diseases and insect pests, landslide and debris flow; And human risk sources: cultivated land area increase rate, tea garden area reduction, intangible heritage culture, road density, ancient town area ratio, chemical fertilizer use, forest land reduction as the main risk sources, Through calculation and analysis, the comprehensive risk probability of the region is obtained, and the overall pattern of the comprehensive risk probability is high in the middle of the region and low in the east and west. (2) Spatial differentiation of regional ecological loss value: through landscape dominance index, landscape structure index, Landscape fragmentation index, landscape separation index, landscape vulnerability index and landscape loss index were measured. It is concluded that the high loss degree area is mainly located in the central and western parts of Simao District, the east of Lancang and the southern part of Jiangcheng, and the low loss degree area is mainly located in the middle of Jinggu. Some areas of Zhenyuan and most areas of Jingdong. (3) Spatial differentiation of ecological and cultural risk values: by fitting the comprehensive risk probability and ecological loss degree, the high risk area is located in Simao, Ninger area, and the low risk area is located in Menglian and Lanchang. Jiangcheng, Zhenyuan, Jinggu area; The analysis results of the main risk sources affected by different geographical locations are obtained by using the geographical weighted regression model: the influence range of material heritage factors is the largest, mainly affecting most of the central and southern regions; The influence range of the earthquake is located in the west and north, and the influence area of other risk factors is less than 10%, which is distributed all over the region. Based on the analysis of the dual factors of nature and culture, the combination of regional ecological risk assessment model and geographical weighted model is adopted in the study of the comprehensive risk of ecological culture in Pu'er Tea Ma Dao, which makes the research results have a high degree of fit with the present situation. In the method, the existing ecological risk assessment research is improved, and the basis and guidance for the protection of "Tea Horse Road" and the formulation of relevant laws in the future are provided.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU984.18
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