植物小气候效应的建筑设计应用

发布时间：2019-06-05 13:14

【摘要】：建筑,是人类赖以生存的基本空间。当前我国城镇化进程的不断发展引发了城市热岛效应加剧,全球气候变暖已成为不争的事实。在这样的背景下,人们不断的使用空调设备、通风设备等电器来调节室内热舒适度。在过多依赖电气设备的情况下就带来了煤炭等不可再生资源消耗的不断升高,此种做法带来了更多的碳排放,更加加剧了城市热岛效应,最终导致恶性循环。所以通过自然调节的方式改变建筑内部环境变得尤为重要。再这样的背景下,将植物引入建筑进行设计,这样就可以通过植物小气候效应来改变建筑的内环境,从而减少了能源的消耗。全球目前将植物结合建筑设计的案例已经不胜枚举,如屋顶绿化、垂直绿化、室内绿化等。并且对各种建筑绿化方式带来了的室内热环境改变的实验测试也基本齐全。但对此类设计,并没有一个全面的经济性分析、指导。本文旨在通过对现有建筑案例以及实验测试进行归纳、总结、分析,得出建筑进行绿色植物设计后的综合性经济效益影响。首先,对植物小气候效应对建筑的影响以文献综述的形式进行阐述。其次,笔者试通过以下四个方面进行分析与探讨。1、对植物结合建筑设计案例所处的气候带进行归纳总结,得出哪些类型的植物适合建筑使用。2、通过对前人所做的屋顶绿化、立面绿化、室内绿化的设计方法结合文献以及案例进行归纳总结,得出植物在建筑各个位置中的普遍做法。3、通过对各个类型建筑的植物种植方式进行案例分析总结,得出各类型建筑适合什么样的种植方式。4、通过建立模拟模型,对植物在建筑的各个立面、屋顶、室内中庭进行种植对建筑产生的热辐射、风等影响进行模拟实验比较,得出植物种植在建筑哪个地方对建筑产生的影响最大、经济性最高。最后,对前文章节中的小结进行汇总,初步得出植物结合建筑设计的思考方法,对今后此类设计提供有益参考。
[Abstract]:Architecture is the basic space on which human beings depend for their survival. At present, the continuous development of urbanization in China has led to the aggravation of urban heat island effect, and global warming has become an indisputable fact. In this context, people continue to use air conditioning, ventilation and other electrical appliances to adjust indoor thermal comfort. Under the condition of relying too much on electrical equipment, the consumption of non-renewable resources such as coal is increasing, which brings more carbon emissions, aggravates the urban heat island effect, and finally leads to a vicious circle. Therefore, it is particularly important to change the internal environment of the building through natural adjustment. In this context, plants are introduced into the building for design, so that the internal environment of the building can be changed through the plant microclimate effect, thus reducing the energy consumption. At present, there are countless cases of plant combined with architectural design, such as roof greening, vertical greening, indoor greening and so on. And the experimental test of indoor thermal environment change brought about by various building greening methods is basically complete. However, there is no comprehensive economic analysis and guidance for this kind of design. The purpose of this paper is to summarize, summarize and analyze the existing building cases and experimental tests, and obtain the comprehensive economic benefits of green plant design. First of all, the influence of plant microclimate effect on architecture is described in the form of literature review. Secondly, the author tries to analyze and discuss through the following four aspects. 1, summarize the climate zone where the plant combined with the architectural design case is located, and find out which types of plants are suitable for architectural use. 2, Through the summary of the previous design methods of roof greening, facade greening and indoor greening combined with the literature and cases, the common practices of plants in all positions of the building are obtained. 3, Through the case analysis and summary of the plant planting mode of each type of building, we can get what kind of planting mode each type of building is suitable for. 4, by establishing the simulation model, the plant in each facade of the building, the roof, The effects of planting on the thermal radiation and wind of the building were compared in the indoor atrium, and it was concluded that where the plant planting had the greatest influence on the building and the economy was the highest. Finally, the summary in the previous chapter is summarized, and the thinking method of combining plant with architectural design is obtained, which provides useful reference for this kind of design in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU201

【参考文献】