我国城镇化进程中失地农民利益保护研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 21:13

本文关键词： 城镇化失地农民利益保护　出处：《山西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城镇化是人口与资本聚集的过程，亦是亿万农民融入市场化，从农民变成市民的历史进程。故在城镇化进程中，失地农民的出现是必然结果。由于城镇化的快速发展，大批农民的田地被征用变成了失地农民，他们的持续性生计由于各方面的原因已经受到了很大的影响，同时也引发了政府与农民之间的矛盾，甚至导致一些群体性恶性事件的发生。因此，我国城镇化进程中失地农民利益保护就成为备受关注的社会热点问题之一。本文采用调查问卷与访谈的方式，从征地补偿情况、失地后的就业情况、收入及生活状况、住房、医疗、养老、子女教育等方面，对山西省吕梁岚县部分失地农民进行了深入调查，归纳总结出失地农民利益保护方面存在的征地补偿数额偏低、征地补偿方式单一、再就业困难以及社会保障不到位等问题；然后，运用利益相关者理论对征地过程中各种利益相关者之间的利益博弈过程进行了分析，并在此基础上总结出导致我国城镇化进程中失地农民利益受损的主要原因包括征地补偿过程中的权力滥用、征地程序设计不合理、失地农民自身素质偏低，，地方政府对失地农民就业服务不到位以及农村社会保障制度存在缺陷等；最后，运用利益相关者理论和公民社会理论对解决城镇化进程中失地农民利益保护问题提出了相应的对策和建议：第一，在进一步完善土地征收制度方面，建议完善土地征收补偿标准、制定具体合理的土地征收程序、明确土地征收法律责任、借鉴发达国家土地补偿方面的有益经验。第二，在有效解决失地农民再就业方面，建议加强失地农民职业技能培训、提供失地农民创业扶助贷款。第三，在完善失地农民社会保障体系方面，建议加快农村保障与城镇保障体系的衔接，放宽失地农民申请保障性住房、公租房和廉租房政策，加大养老、失业等保险的覆盖力度，推进农村社会保障与户籍制度的脱钩，保障失地农民可持续性生计。第四，在提高失地农民自治组织化程度方面，建议成立失地农民代表协会、畅通和拓宽失地农民利益表达渠道。本文创新之处是提出了放宽失地农民申请保障性住房、公租房和廉租房政策，推进农村社会保障与户籍制度的脱钩等合理化建议，但由于研究资料及本人能力有限，有些建议仍有可商榷之处。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is the process of population and capital accumulation, and it is also the historical process of hundreds of millions of farmers to integrate into the market, from farmer to citizen. Therefore, in the process of urbanization. Because of the rapid development of urbanization, a large number of farmers' fields have been requisitioned to become landless farmers, and their sustainable livelihood has been greatly affected by various reasons. At the same time, it also caused the contradiction between the government and farmers, and even led to the occurrence of some group malignant incidents. In the process of urbanization in China, the protection of the interests of landless farmers has become one of the hot social issues. This paper uses questionnaires and interviews, from land acquisition compensation, employment after land loss, income and living conditions, housing, medical care, old-age, child education and so on. This paper makes a thorough investigation on some land-lost farmers in Lv Liang County of Shanxi Province, and concludes that the amount of compensation for land requisition is low and the compensation method of land expropriation is single in the aspect of the protection of the interests of land-lost farmers. Difficulties in re-employment and lack of social security; Then, using stakeholder theory to analyze the process of interest game between various stakeholders in the process of land expropriation. And on this basis summed up the main reasons leading to the loss of land farmers' interests in the process of urbanization in our country, including the abuse of power in the process of land requisition compensation, the unreasonable design of land requisition procedures, and the low quality of land-lost farmers themselves. The local government does not provide the employment service to the landless farmers and the rural social security system has defects. Finally, the use of stakeholder theory and civil society theory to solve the problem of land-lost farmers in the process of urbanization to protect the interests of the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: first, in the further improvement of land expropriation system. It is suggested to improve the standard of compensation for land expropriation, formulate specific and reasonable procedures of land expropriation, clarify the legal liability of land expropriation, and draw lessons from the beneficial experience of land compensation in developed countries. Second. In the effective solution to re-employment of land-lost farmers, it is suggested to strengthen the vocational skills training of land-lost farmers, to provide land-lost farmers with entrepreneurial support loans. Third, to improve the land-lost farmers' social security system. It is suggested to speed up the connection between rural security and urban security system, to relax the application of land-lost farmers for affordable housing, public rental housing and low-rent housing policies, increase the coverage of old-age insurance, unemployment and other insurance. To promote the decoupling of rural social security from the household registration system, to ensure the sustainable livelihood of landless farmers. 4th. In order to improve the degree of self-organization of land-lost farmers, it is suggested to set up a representative association of land-lost farmers. The innovation of this paper is to relax the policy of land loss farmers applying for affordable housing, public rental housing and low-rent housing. To promote the decoupling of rural social security from the household registration system and other rationalization proposals, but due to the limited research materials and my own ability, some suggestions are still open to question.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.2;F323.89

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