我国战略性新兴产业研发效率的实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 19:51

本文关键词： 战略性新兴产业研发效率区域分析数据包络分析法　出处：《天津商业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：发展战略性新兴产业是国家作为促进科技进步和技术创新、转变经济发展模式、加快科技事业迅猛发展、促进经济的可持续增长的发展战略。在目前，我国处于经济结构转型，产业结构优化升级的战略性调整阶段。这就表明，，战略性新兴产业将作为我国保持经济持续稳定增长的战略选择，如何支持战略性新兴产业的快速高质的发展是金融危机以来我国突破发展瓶颈，创造绿色经济的重中之重。战略性新兴产业，具有战略性和新兴性的特征，兼具“整体性、长期性、引导性、动态性”等特点的新兴产业。对经济和社会具有整体牵头带动和重大引导作用。产业要能带动一批相关产业和产品的兴起，促进产业的上下游已经相关的产业链迅猛发展，带来一定的经济效益。对于战略性新兴产业的出现一般大致可以归于两个原因：1.经济危机催发新科学技术革命。2.20世纪六大科学技术的突破。战略性新兴产业就必然要符合衡量引导产业的主要标准和条件：对整体国民经济的杰出贡献。一般来说，这种引导产业的贡献主要体现在三个层面：获利能力、吸纳就业能力以及对其它产业的相关影响力度。战略性新兴产业发展具有以下规律：1.“科学发现-技术发明-产业化”是战略性新兴产业成长发展的基本途径。2.国际化成为战略性新兴产业发展的必然结果。3.人才的集聚化是战略性新兴产业发展的一般形态和规律。4.政策的引导具有带动作用。产业技术创新联盟是战略性新兴产业的发展有效组织形式，高新区作为战略性新兴产业的主要承载。我国战略性新兴产业缺乏核心技术支撑，存在"中国制造”路径依赖，其商业化是制约战略新兴产业发展的瓶颈，并且我国的机构现行制度不能适应战略性新兴产业又快又好的发展。在融资体系方面，很多新兴产业规模小，重技术而轻资产，致使缺乏可抵押的资产，间接融资渠道受阻，而天使投资缺失，风险投资专业水平不高。在配套政策方面，审批制度也不尽规范。本文通过数据包络分析和主成分分析等实证分析模型，按照具有目标导向性、全面系统性、可比性原则、客观实用性、相对性原则等的选取原则进行对指标的选取，并从实证的全面性、合理性、客观性以及数据的可得性等方面综合考虑，按区域为单位，对我国30个省市进行实证分析，选取的数据进行标准化处理后，进行主成分提取，模型回归后对效率进行分级，分为研发效率低区，研发效率中区，研发效率高区。效率低区包括：河北、内蒙古、四川、陕西、新疆、海南、重庆、辽宁、吉林、湖北、黑龙江、安徽、江西、湖南、广西、河南、青海、甘肃；效率中区包括：天津、山东、山西、浙江、福建、贵州、云南；效率高区包括：北京、上海、江苏、广东、宁夏。针对得到的模型回归结果，分别从研发效率、投影、投入冗余产出不足三个层面，对我国30个省市的研发效率状况进行了分析及比较。通过分析比较发现得出，导致我国战略性新兴产业研发效率区域差异形成的原因主要有三个:首先，区域经济发展水平的高低是研发效率区域形成高中低区不同的根本原因，经济发展格局的不尽相同，也是产生研发效率差异的原因所在；第二，区位条件是研发效率区域形成高中低区不同的重要因素，相对而言，在东南沿海地带的研发效率高一些，而在中西部和东北地区，大部分省市和地区的研发效率水平都不是很高。第三，研发人才素质及结构是否高效合理，是研发效率区域形成高中低区不同差异的基础。本文通过实证结果的分析，提出了分别针对研发效率高区、研发效率中区和研发效率低区如何提高本区域战略性新兴产业研发效率的对策建议。
[Abstract]:The development of strategic emerging industries is the country as to promote scientific and technological progress and technological innovation, changing the mode of economic development, accelerate science and technology rapid development, the development of strategies to promote sustainable economic growth. At present, our country is in the transformation of the economic structure, strategic adjustment stage of the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. It shows that, as China's strategic emerging industry the strategic choice to keep the economy sustained and stable growth, rapid and high quality how to support the development of strategic emerging industry is the financial crisis in China to break the bottleneck of development, create a priority among priorities of the green economy.
Strategic emerging industry, strategic and emerging features, both "holistic, long-term, leading, emerging industry dynamic characteristics". With the overall lead drive and major guiding role on economy and society. The industry to be able to drive the rise of a number of related industries and products, promote downstream industries have the rapid development of the industrial chain, bring certain economic benefits. In general can be attributed to two reasons for strategic emerging industries: 1. economic crisis precipitated by new revolution in science and technology.2.20 six century science and technology breakthrough. Strategic emerging industries must conform to standard and guide the main measure of industry conditions: outstanding contribution to the whole national economy. In general, the leading industry's contribution is mainly manifested in three aspects: profitability, ability to absorb employment and other industries are Close the impact. The development of strategic emerging industries has the following rules: 1. "scientific discoveries - technology - industrialization" is the development of strategic emerging industries basic way.2. internationalization has become a inevitable result of the development of strategic emerging industries in the agglomeration of.3. talent is the general shape and rule of the development of strategic emerging industries in the.4. policy has driven role of industrial technology innovation alliance is the development of an effective organization form of strategic emerging industries, high-tech zones as a strategic emerging industry. The main bearing of China's strategic emerging industries, the lack of core technical support, the existence of "Chinese manufacturing" path dependence, its commercialization is a bottleneck restricting the development of strategic emerging industries, and the current system can not be in China mechanism to adapt to the development of strategic emerging industries quickly and well. In the financing system, many emerging industries in small scale technology However, light assets lead to lack of collateralized assets, and indirect financing channels are blocked. However, the lack of angel investment and the professional level of venture capital are not high. In supporting policies, the examination and approval system is also not standardized.
This paper through empirical data envelopment analysis and principal component analysis model, according to the goal oriented, systematic, comparability principle, objective and practical, the selection of indicators of selection principle of relativity principle, and from the comprehensive, empirical rationality, objectivity and the data can be considered so, according to the region as a unit, the empirical analysis of 30 provinces and cities in China, standardized processing of the selected data, extract the principal components regression model, after classifying efficiency, divided into low area development efficiency, development efficiency of central region. The efficiency of research and development including low efficiency area: Hebei, Inner Mongolia Sichuan, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Hainan, Chongqing, Liaoning, Jilin, Hubei, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Henan, Qinghai, Gansu, central Tianjin, including: efficiency; Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guizhou, Yunnan; efficiency The area includes: Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Ningxia. According to the regression results obtained respectively from the model, the research efficiency, projection, redundant input output of less than three levels, the efficiency of research and development status of 30 provinces in China were analyzed and compared. Through the analysis and comparison of the obtained result, there are three main reasons the formation of China's strategic emerging industry research and development efficiency of regional differences: first, the regional economic development level is the fundamental reason of different high schools and low efficiency of Regional R & D formation of the pattern of economic development is not the same, it is the reason of development efficiency differences; second, location is an important factor in the formation of different areas, low high school the relative efficiency of Regional R & D, R & D in the southeast coastal areas with high efficiency, and in the Midwest and northeast regions, R & D efficiency level of most provinces and regions are not very high. Third, the quality and structure of talent development is reasonable and efficient, is the basic research and development efficiency of regional differences form low area high school. In this paper, through the analysis of the empirical results, put forward respectively for R & D efficiency high, central research and countermeasures research efficiency low efficiency area of how to improve the regional strategic emerging industry research and development efficiency.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F224;F276.44

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