以房养老风险管理模式研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 18:58

本文关键词： 以房养老老龄化社会保障风险因素　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国作为一个发展中国家，在经济没有充分发展、人均收入较低的阶段已经提前步入了老龄化国家行列，并且人口老龄化程度将日趋严重。养老已经成为了全社会乃至全世界需要共同解决的一个难题，，拓展养老途径，完善现有的养老保障体系变得刻不容缓。以房养老作为在国外运行多年的养老创新产品，成为了解决这一问题行之有效的途径。以房养老的引入和推行，对于缓解我国的养老压力具有重要的意义。以房养老作为养老保障体制的有效补充，不仅改善了老年人的生活水平，缓解了个人、家庭和社会的养老压力，同时也活跃了二手房市场，促进了金融机构的业务创新。我国目前虽然客观上已经具备了推行某些以房养老业务的条件，但是，由于人们对该业务的认识度不高、起步较晚、技术条件有限等原因，以房养老在推行的过程中依然存在着许多障碍，其中关键的一项就是以房养老的风险因素的识别和管理问题。本文尝试将以房养老业务引入我国养老保障领域，首先分析了以房养老的概念、特征、运作方式以及相关的理论基础，在对以房养老有了充分了解的基础对其在推行过程中可能遇到的风险因素进行了分析。需要说明的是，影响以房养老顺利推行的风险因素有很多，本文重点分析的是了长寿风险、房屋价值波动风险、利率波动风险、道德风险和政策风险这五种主要风险，并分别通过构建模型和案例分析等方法对这些风险因素的影响机理进行了说明。最后，针对以房养老所涉及的风险因素提出了相应的管理措施和建议，包括建立以房养老机构联盟机制、以房养老资产证券化、建立以房养老保险机制、资产组合以及制定合适的贷款价值比等。以房养老是一种复杂的新型金融产品，需要有良好的市场环境和多方机构的配合，尤其需要我国政府的政策支持和方向引导。尽管我国具有其特殊性，但本研究对于其他想要推行以房养老的发展中国家同样具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:As a developing country, China has stepped into the ranks of aging countries in the stage of low per capita income and insufficient economic development. And the aging of the population will become more and more serious. Pension has become a difficult problem that the whole society and the world need to solve together to expand the way for the aged. Improving the existing old-age security system has become urgent. Taking the housing pension as an innovative product that has been running in foreign countries for many years, it has become an effective way to solve this problem, and the introduction and implementation of the housing old-age care system has become an effective way to solve this problem. As an effective supplement to the old-age security system, it not only improves the living standards of the elderly, but also relieves the pressure of the individual, family and society. At the same time, the second-hand housing market has also been active, promoting the business innovation of financial institutions. Because of the low level of understanding of the business, late start, limited technical conditions and other reasons, there are still many obstacles in the implementation of housing pension. One of the key problems is the identification and management of the risk factors. This paper attempts to introduce the housing pension business into the field of old-age security in China. Firstly, this paper analyzes the concept, characteristics, operation mode and related theoretical basis of the housing pension. On the basis of a full understanding of the housing pension in the implementation of the risk factors may be encountered in the analysis. It needs to be explained that there are many risk factors that affect the smooth implementation of housing pension. This paper focuses on the analysis of longevity risk, housing value volatility risk, interest rate volatility risk, moral hazard and policy risk. And through the construction of models and case studies to explain the impact mechanism of these risk factors. Finally, in view of the housing pension risk factors involved in the corresponding management measures and suggestions. Including the establishment of housing pension institutions alliance mechanism, securitization of housing endowment assets, the establishment of housing endowment insurance mechanism. The combination of assets and the development of appropriate loan value ratio. Housing pension is a complex new financial products, need a good market environment and multi-agency cooperation. Although our country has its particularity, this research is also valuable for other developing countries that want to promote the provision of housing for the aged.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.23;D669.6

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