A连锁企业配送路径优化问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 19:37

本文选题：A连锁企业　切入点：多时间窗　出处：《北京物资学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的发展，我国的连锁经营规模不断发展壮大，已成为第三产业的主旋律之一。目前，我国连锁经营企业的配送模式主要有四种，包括供应商直接配送模式、自营配送模式、第三方物流配送模式和共同配送模式。本文的研究对象A连锁企业是一家餐饮连锁企业，该企业采用自营配送模式。采取自营配送模式的连锁企业的配送成本在物流成本中占有非常大的比重，，对其产品配送路径的优化有利于降低企业物流成本、提高企业竞争力。本文综合阐述了影响企业配送路径选择的各项因素，并建立A连锁企业配送路径优化问题的数学模型，设计求解模型的智能水滴算法，并结合企业的实际情况对优化前后的配送路径进行了对比分析，最终得出A连锁企业的配送路径方案。本文的主要内容如下：首先，以文献研究为基础，分析了国外国内关于车辆路径问题的研究现状以及针对该问题的相关算法的研究现状，并重点分析最新提出的智能水滴算法。然后，介绍了A连锁企业的运营现状，特别是物流配送现状，提出目前该连锁企业在物流配送环节存在的三大亟需解决的问题。其次，针对A连锁企业的配送路径选择问题，结合连锁企业各门店对配送时间的不同要求，建立了以配送运营总成本最小为目标、带时间窗和车容量限制的车辆配送路径优化问题数学模型。根据智能水滴算法的基本原理，设计了求解该模型的快速有效算法，并运用Matlab软件编写了该算法的实现程序。通过算例的模拟计算，验证了该带时间窗和车容量限制的车辆配送路径优化问题数学模型和智能水滴算法的有效性。最后，运用Google Earth软件，生成A连锁企业各门店地理位置地标分布图，并计算出各门店之间的球面距离。运用Clementine软件，根据地理位置对门店进行K-Means聚类。进一步，针对K-Means聚类形成的11个聚类，分别运用智能水滴算法程序求解，得到优化后的配送路径。本文的研究结论可为A连锁企业进行车辆路线选择、车辆调度决策等提供理论依据，具有一定的应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, the scale of chain operation in our country has been developing and expanding, and it has become one of the main melody of the tertiary industry. At present, there are mainly four distribution modes of chain management enterprises in our country, including the direct distribution mode of suppliers. The research object of this paper is A chain enterprise, which is a restaurant chain enterprise. The distribution cost of chain enterprises with self-owned distribution mode occupies a very large proportion in the logistics cost. The optimization of the product distribution path is helpful to reduce the logistics cost of the enterprise. In order to improve the competitiveness of enterprises, this paper comprehensively expounds the factors that affect the choice of distribution routes of enterprises, establishes the mathematical model of distribution path optimization problem of chain A enterprises, and designs an intelligent water droplet algorithm to solve the model. Combined with the actual situation of the enterprise, the distribution route before and after optimization is compared and analyzed, and finally the distribution route scheme of chain A enterprise is obtained. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. First of all, based on the literature research, this paper analyzes the current research situation of the vehicle routing problem abroad and domestic and the research status of the related algorithms for the problem, and focuses on the analysis of the latest proposed intelligent water drop algorithm. This paper introduces the present operation situation of chain A enterprise, especially the present situation of logistics distribution, and puts forward three problems that need to be solved in the logistics distribution link of the chain enterprise at present. Secondly, aiming at the problem of distribution path selection of A chain enterprise, combined with the different requirements of distribution time in each store of chain enterprise, the aim of this paper is to minimize the total cost of distribution operation. According to the basic principle of intelligent water drop algorithm, a fast and effective algorithm is designed to solve the problem of vehicle distribution path optimization with time windows and vehicle capacity constraints. The software Matlab is used to program the algorithm. The effectiveness of the mathematical model and the intelligent water drop algorithm for the vehicle distribution path optimization problem with time window and vehicle capacity limit is verified by the simulation and calculation of an example. Finally, using Google Earth software, the landmarks distribution map of each store location in chain A enterprise is generated, and the spherical distance between stores is calculated. By using Clementine software, K-Means clustering is carried out according to the geographical location. For the 11 clusters formed by K-Means clustering, the intelligent water drop algorithm was used to solve the problem, and the optimized distribution path was obtained. The conclusion of this paper can provide theoretical basis for A chain enterprise to choose vehicle route and make decision of vehicle scheduling, which has certain application value.
【学位授予单位】：北京物资学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F721;F252

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