水产品冷链城市配送系统优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 21:23

本文选题：水产品冷链　切入点：城市配送　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2012年,全国水产品的总产量达到了5906.01万吨,已经连续22年居世界第一位,占全球总产量的37.67%左右,水产品的人均占有量达到42公斤左右,是世界平均水平的1.6倍,但是水产品冷藏设施设备的拥有量和水产品冷链技术远远落后于其他国家。水产品冷链城市配送环节普遍存在断链现象,保鲜技术过于传统、技术比较落后,保鲜冷藏比例不足20%；及时深加工处理比例不到10%。现有的冷链配送设施、设备及配送效率无法满足产量快速增长的水产品对冷链的需求。本文详细分析了系统内的各个活动主体的特点,根据水产品的流通特性,画出基于主体的基本运作图。从配送主体、配送活动和消费活动等三个方面分析比较三种不同配送模式存在的问题,归纳产生的原因。采用系统动力学方法,构建水产品冷链城市配送系统的因果回路图,详细描述了各因素的因果关系。为了区别不同变量的性质,更加直观地刻画这些系统内外部变量之间的逻辑关系,将回路图转化成SD的流量存量图。通过改变不同的参数指标和结合北京市的实际数据,进行不同技术指标的情景分析。通过改变不同技术指标乘数的取值(信息技术水平、流通加工作业效率、组织配送能力和需求响应能力)来实现。为了解决配送主体相互排挤、不合作,配送资源利用效率低,信息共享不对称,各配送环节断链,配送设施分布不均匀,水产品包装容器、运输车辆、冷库的托盘等配送设施设备标准化程度低,利益分配不均等问题。本文主要从信息共享、利益分配、运营主体合作和配送环节衔接等四个方面提出相关的优化改进策略。配送系统中的主体充分共享自身的资源、信息,运用现代信息技术实时监控配送作业：按照综合贡献分享利益(配送量、配送稳定性、配送作业的规范性等一系列的指标)对做出贡献的企业给予一定的价格补贴,弥补企业的损失,使利益分配均匀；促进各层次主体间合作,遏制恶性竞争行为；制定相关的标准,使得配送系统的各项作业能够标准化,协调各配送环节。达到降低标准冷藏车辆数、减少库存成本、减少配送作业成本等成本,提高经济效益目的。
[Abstract]:In 2012, the total output of aquatic products reached 59 million 60 thousand and 100 tons, 22 consecutive years ranked first in the world, accounting for about 37.67% of global output, aquatic products per capita reached 42 kg, is 1.6 times the world average, but the aquatic product refrigeration equipment capacity and the aquatic products cold chain technology far behind other countries. Aquatic products cold chain distribution widespread City chain breaking phenomenon, preservation technology is too traditional, relatively backward technology, preservation time is less than 20%; deep processing is less than the existing 10%. cold chain distribution facilities, equipment and distribution efficiency can not meet the rapid growth in output water demand for products cold chain.
This paper analyzes the characteristics of the system in each subject, according to the characteristics of the circulation of aquatic products, draw the basic operation figure based on the subject. From the three aspects of the main distribution, distribution and consumption activities of three kinds of distribution patterns, reasons of induction. By using the system dynamics, causality circuit diagram construction of aquatic products cold chain city distribution system, a detailed description of the causal relationship between various factors. In order to distinguish the different nature of the variables, intuitively describe the logical relations between the system of internal and external variables, the circuit diagram into SD flow chart. By changing the parameters of the stock index is different and in combination with the actual data of Beijing the different technical indicators of the scenario analysis. By changing the values of different technical indicators (multiplier distribution capacity of the level of information technology, circulation and processing efficiency, organization And the demand response capability) to achieve.
In order to solve the main distribution of non cooperation, mutual exclusion, distribution and inefficient use of resources, sharing of information asymmetry, the distribution chain, distribution facilities, uneven distribution of aquatic products, packaging containers, transport vehicles, storage pallets and other distribution facilities to the low level of standardization, unequal distribution of benefits and problems. This article mainly from information sharing. The distribution of interests, cooperation and operation of the main distribution link four aspects puts forward relevant optimization strategy. The main distribution system of the full sharing of the resources, information, the use of modern information technology for real-time monitoring of distribution operation: according to the comprehensive contribution benefit sharing (delivery, delivery stability, distribution operation standard and a series of index) give some price subsidies to make a contribution to the enterprise, compensate for the loss of business, the profit distribution is uniform; promote cooperation at all levels between the main body, curb vicious The competition behavior is formulated, and the relevant standards are formulated, so that all the assignments of the distribution system can be standardized, and the distribution links can be coordinated. It can reduce the number of standard refrigerated vehicles, reduce the inventory cost, reduce the cost of delivery operation, and improve the economic efficiency.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F252;N941.3

【参考文献】