异质型人力资本对我国服务贸易竞争力影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 01:21

本文选题：异质型人力资本　切入点：服务贸易竞争力　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在经济全球化空前发展的今天，服务贸易正日渐成为世界各国获取外汇收入，改善本国国际收支状况的重要手段。人力资本被国内外众多学者认为是影响服务贸易的关键因素之一，而异质型人力资本则成为影响现代服务贸易核心竞争力的最关键因素。服务贸易竞争正逐步由成本优势转变为人力资本优势，甚至是异质型人力资本优势，但是加入WTO的中国服务贸易整体竞争力与发达国家存在很大差距，服务贸易发展问题亟待解决。本文阐述研究背景及意义，借鉴国内外在异质型人力资本和服务贸易竞争力研究领域中的现有成果，，阐述异质型人力资本和服务贸易竞争力的紧密联系，明确研究的意义及方法的可行性；界定服务贸易和异质型人力资本的概念和特点，分析服务贸易竞争力和异质型人力资本的理论基础，对“国家竞争优势理论”在服务贸易竞争力领域的适用性进行阐述；重点探讨异质型人力资本与服务贸易相互关系的机理分析；从人力资本的视角来分析服务贸易发展状况，采用国际度量指标分别分行业和地区分析我国服务贸易竞争力状况和异质型人力资本状况；以卢卡斯作用机制和迈克尔·波特的国家竞争优势为理论依据选取6个影响因素构建新的“钻石”模型，并对中国1985年-2010年的时序数据以及2002年-2010年各省面板数据依次进行状态空间模型单因素弹性分析、GMM多因素回归分析和省际面板数据实证分析，证实不同层次人力资本对我国服务贸易竞争力影响程度的差异并就如何从异质型人力资本的角度促进我国服务贸易竞争力提出相应的政策建议。研究结果表明：知识人力资本对我国服务贸易竞争力的影响正逐步超过基础人力资本和技能人力资本；异质型人力资本、人均GDP及FDI对我国服务贸易竞争力的贡献较为明显，而异质型人力资本的影响最为显著；人力资本分类层次越高，对我国服务贸易竞争力的影响就越小，这反映出我国人力资本结构层次较低；东中西部地区异质型人力资本积累不均衡，成为我国服务贸易发展的最大瓶颈。因而在“十二五规划”要求提高服务业国际化水平背景下，为形成以异质型人力资本为竞争优势的现代化服务贸易创造良好的内外部环境成为当务之急。
[Abstract]:Today, with the unprecedented development of economic globalization, trade in services is becoming an important means for countries in the world to obtain foreign exchange income and improve their international balance of payments.Human capital is regarded by many scholars at home and abroad as one of the key factors affecting service trade, while heterogeneous human capital has become the most important factor affecting the core competitiveness of modern service trade.The competition of service trade is gradually changing from cost advantage to human capital advantage, even heterogeneity human capital advantage. However, the overall competitiveness of China's service trade after China's entry into WTO is far from that of developed countries.The development of service trade needs to be solved urgently.This paper expounds the background and significance of the research, draws lessons from the existing achievements in the field of heterogeneous human capital and service trade competitiveness at home and abroad, and expounds the close relationship between heterogeneous human capital and the competitiveness of service trade.Define the concept and characteristics of service trade and heterogeneous human capital, analyze the theoretical basis of service trade competitiveness and heterogeneous human capital.The applicability of "National competitive advantage Theory" in the field of service trade competitiveness is expounded, the mechanism of the relationship between heterogeneous human capital and service trade is discussed, and the development of service trade is analyzed from the perspective of human capital.The international measurement index is used to analyze the competitiveness of China's service trade and the heterogeneous human capital by industry and region respectively.Based on Lucas' action mechanism and Michael Porter's national competitive advantage, a new "diamond" model is constructed based on six factors.Based on the time series data from 1985 to 2010 and the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2010, the state space model single factor elastic analysis and the multivariate regression analysis of GMM and the empirical analysis of provincial panel data are carried out.It is proved that the different levels of human capital have different influence on the competitiveness of China's service trade, and the corresponding policy suggestions on how to promote the competitiveness of China's service trade from the perspective of heterogeneous human capital are put forward.The results show that the influence of knowledge human capital on the competitiveness of China's service trade is gradually surpassing that of basic human capital and skilled human capital, and the contribution of heterogeneous human capital, per capita GDP and FDI, to the competitiveness of China's service trade is obvious.The higher the classification level of human capital, the smaller the impact on the competitiveness of China's service trade, which reflects the low level of human capital structure in China.The unbalanced accumulation of heterogeneous human capital has become the biggest bottleneck in the development of China's service trade.Therefore, under the background of the 12th Five-Year Plan to improve the internationalization level of service industry, it is urgent to create a good internal and external environment for the formation of modern service trade with heterogeneous human capital as its competitive advantage.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.68;F249.21

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