我国旅行社业经营效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 12:23

本文选题：旅行社业 + 经营效率　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪以来,我国旅游业持续快速发展,国内旅游与入境旅游两大市场发展势头强劲,规模不断扩大,为旅行社业提供了良好的市场环境和发展机遇。在如此快速的发展环境下,旅行社业为适应更为激烈的市场竞争,提高现有投入资源的使用率,提升自身的组织管理效率,就成为了必然的选择。本文以我国31个地区的旅行社总体为研究对象,运用文献分析法、DEA静态分析法、Malmquist动态分析法、回归分析法和比较分析法等方法,客观而科学地分析研究了我国旅行社业经营效率及时序变动情况。本选题的研究目的：(1)通过对国内外旅游效率评价相关文献和西方效率理论的回顾,科学构建我国旅行社业经营效率评价模型；(2)在确定旅行社业经营效率评价模型基础上,从静态和动态两个角度测算我国旅行社业经营效率值,并对旅行社业经营效率及其时序变化情况进行详尽的评价分析；(3)选取可能影响其经营效率的宏观因素,分析其对旅行社业经营效率的影响,了解影响旅行社业经营效率的外部环境,并提出相关建议和对策。本选题的研究过程：(1)提出问题：在对旅行社业行业背景了解的基础上,针对研究的主题、目的和研究的意义,提出需要解决的问题；(2)理论分析：通过相关中英文文献回顾和西方效率理论的导入,对相关概念进行界定,在国内外研究现状和基础理论基础之上,建立旅行社业经营效率评价模型；(3)实证分析：首先,利用DEA方法,借助DEAP2.1统计分析软件测算旅行社业静态经营效率,并将其分解为纯技术效率和规模效率,以此来探讨我国旅行社业经营管理无效率的原因；其次,利用Malmquist指数方法分析旅行社业全要素生产率的变动情况,并找出导致旅行社业经营效率变化产生的原因；在以上静态效率和动态效率分析的基础上,从微观层面上提出相关的提升旅行社业经营效率的建议与对策；再次,选取可能影响旅行社业经营效率的宏观因素,建立Tobit回归模型分析其对旅行社业经营效率的影响,在此基础上,从宏观层面上提出相关的建议与对策。本选题的研究结论：(1)经营效率方面：第一,我国旅行社业经营效率总体上处于上升趋势,技术进步对经营效率上升的贡献较大,平均增长率达到了6.60%；其中,西部地带增长最快,中部地带次之,东部地带增长缓慢。第二,我国旅行社业技术效率总体较低且呈现出下降趋势,其中,东部地带技术效率值最高,西部地带最低,中部地带居于二者之间。第三,我国旅行社业纯技术效率总体较低但呈现出微弱的上升趋势,整体经营管理水平不容乐观；东部地带纯技术效率值最高,西部地带次之,中部地带最低。第四,我国旅行社业规模效率值总体较高且呈现出下降趋势,其中,东部地带规模效率值最高,中部地带次之,西部地带最低。(2)宏观影响因素方面：第一,GDP与旅行社业技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率均呈显著的负相关关系；第二,城镇人口数量(PEO)与旅行社业技术效率和规模效率呈显著的正相关关系；第三,城镇居民人均可支配收入(INC)与旅行社业技术效率和纯技术效率呈显著的正相关关系；第四,星级宾馆数量(HOT)与旅行社业技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率均呈现出显著的正相关关系。本选题的创新之处：(1)结合西方效率理论对实证研究中的效率进行了解读,从静态和动态两个方面对旅行社业经营效率及其变化情况进行了分析,既完善了旅行社业经营效率评价理论,又丰富和扩展了旅游业效率的研究内涵。(2)建立非平衡面板数据,第一次尝试运用受限因变量回归方法对影响旅行社业经营效率的宏观因素进行分析,分析更为全面。
[Abstract]:Since twenty-first Century, the tourism industry in China has been developing rapidly. The two major markets of domestic tourism and inbound tourism are developing strongly and expanding, which provide a good market environment and opportunity for the travel agency. In such a rapid development environment, the travel service industry is to adapt to the more intense market competition and improve the existing investment resources. Using the rate of utilization to improve the efficiency of organization and management, it has become an inevitable choice. This paper, taking the travel agencies of 31 regions of our country as the overall research object, uses the methods of literature analysis, DEA static analysis, Malmquist dynamic analysis, regression analysis and comparative analysis, and objectively and scientifically analysis and study the operation of travel service in China. Efficiency and time series change.
The purpose of this study is as follows: (1) through the review of the relevant literature on Tourism efficiency evaluation at home and abroad and the western efficiency theory, the evaluation model of China's travel agency business efficiency is constructed scientifically; (2) on the basis of determining the evaluation model of the travel agency business efficiency, the operating efficiency value of the travel service industry in China is calculated from the static and dynamic aspects, and the value of the operation efficiency is calculated from the static and dynamic two angles. This paper makes a detailed evaluation and Analysis on the operating efficiency of the travel agency and the change of the time series; (3) select the macro factors that may affect the operating efficiency of the travel agency, analyze its influence on the operation efficiency of the travel agency, understand the external environment affecting the operation efficiency of the travel agency, and put forward some suggestions and countermeasures.
The research process of this topic: (1) put forward the question: on the basis of the understanding of the industry background of the travel agency industry, in view of the subject, purpose and significance of the research, put forward the problems to be solved; (2) theoretical analysis: the related concepts are defined and studied at home and abroad through the review of the relevant Chinese and English literature and the introduction of the efficiency theory of the West. On the basis of the current situation and basic theory, establish the evaluation model of the operation efficiency of travel agency industry. (3) empirical analysis: first, using the DEA method and using DEAP2.1 statistical analysis software to calculate the static operating efficiency of the travel agency industry, and decompose it into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, so as to discuss the inefficiency of the operation and management of the travel service industry in China. Secondly, the Malmquist index method is used to analyze the changes of TFP in the travel agency, and to find out the causes that lead to the change in the operating efficiency of the travel agency. On the basis of the above static efficiency and dynamic efficiency analysis, the suggestions and Countermeasures to improve the operation efficiency of the travel agency are put forward from the micro level. Second, select the macro factors that may affect the operation efficiency of the travel agency, and establish the Tobit regression model to analyze its impact on the operation efficiency of the travel agency. On this basis, the relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward from the macro level.
The research conclusions of this topic: (1) management efficiency: first, China's travel agency business efficiency in general is in the upward trend, the contribution of technological progress to the increase of operating efficiency, the average growth rate reached 6.60%; of which, the western region is the fastest growing, the central region is the second, the eastern region is slowly increasing. Second, our travel service industry The technical efficiency was lower and showed a downward trend. Among them, the eastern zone has the highest technical efficiency value, the western region is the lowest, the central region is between the two. Third, the pure technical efficiency of our travel service industry is low, but the overall management level is not optimistic; the pure technical efficiency value in the eastern region is the most. High, the western zone is the next and the central zone is the lowest. Fourth, the scale efficiency value of the travel agency industry in China is generally high and presents a downward trend. Among them, the eastern zone has the highest scale efficiency value, the middle zone is the second, the western region is the lowest. (2) the macro influence factors: first, GDP and the travel agency industry technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are all Second, the number of urban population (PEO) has a significant positive correlation with the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the travel agency; third, the per capita disposable income of urban residents (INC) has a significant positive correlation with the technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of the travel service industry; fourth, the number of star hotels (HOT) and the travel service industry There is a significant positive correlation between technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.
The innovation of this topic: (1) to interpret the efficiency of the empirical study in combination with the western efficiency theory, analyze the operating efficiency and the changes of the travel agency industry from two aspects of static and dynamic aspects, not only improve the evaluation theory of the travel agency business efficiency, but also enrich and expand the research connotation of tourism efficiency. (2) establishment of the research connotation of tourism efficiency. Non equilibrium panel data, the first attempt to use the dependent variable regression method to analyze the macro factors that affect the efficiency of travel agency industry, and analyze it more comprehensively.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.6;F224

【参考文献】