基于多需求点的突发事件应急物资调度模型研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 07:37

本文选题：突发事件 + 应急物资调度　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类越来越频繁地遭遇各种重大突发事件的侵袭。伴随着这些突发事件，人民生命和财产安全、社会秩序和环境受到严重威胁。面对随时可能发生的突发事件，迫切需要我们对突发事件应急管理进行深入系统地研究。以最快的速度应对突发事件，将事件的损失和影响降到最低程度。作为应急管理体系的重要组成部分，加强对应急物流系统的研究是非常有必要的。而其核心便是对应急物资调度的研究，研究如何充分及时供应和合理有效分配应急物资。对于应急物资调度的正确决策将直接决定应急管理的效果。因此，它对于提高救援水平和效率、减少损失，具有重要的现实意义。本文以多供应点和多需求点下的突发事件应急物资调度为研究背景，在应急物资供应充分的前提条件下，分别建立了单目标模型和多目标模型，给出了求解算法，，并结合算例验证了模型和算法的可行性和有效性。首先，对突发事件应急物资调度的研究现状进行了概述。阐述了突发事件的定义、特征、分类分级，然后依次引出应急管理、应急物流和应急物资调度的相关概述。其次，研究了相关数据确定的条件下的应急物资调度问题，提出以时效性、经济性和安全性为指标，建立了单目标模型，并在此基础上建立了多目标模型。运用线性加权和法对模型进行优化。再次，为使模型进一步贴近实际，考虑到由于天气、路况、信息不充分等不确定因素的影响，在需求量、运输时间和单位物资运输成本均不确定的情况下，建立了不确定环境下的多目标模型，然后为求解模型，给出不确定规划的相关理论，并结合案例验证模型及算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Human beings are increasingly exposed to various major emergencies. With these emergencies, people's lives and property security, social order and environment are seriously threatened. In the face of unexpected events that may occur at any time, it is urgent for us to study the emergency management deeply and systematically. Respond to emergencies as quickly as possible and minimize their loss and impact. As an important part of emergency management system, it is necessary to strengthen the research of emergency logistics system. And its core is the research of emergency material dispatch, how to supply and distribute emergency material in time. The effect of emergency management will be directly determined by the correct decision of emergency material scheduling. Therefore, it has important practical significance for improving the level and efficiency of rescue and reducing losses. In this paper, based on the research background of emergency material scheduling under multi-supply points and multi-demand points, single objective model and multi-objective model are established under the premise of sufficient supply of emergency supplies, and the solving algorithms are given. The feasibility and validity of the model and algorithm are verified by an example. First of all, the research status of emergency material scheduling is summarized. This paper expounds the definition, characteristics, classification and classification of emergencies, and then introduces the related summary of emergency management, emergency logistics and emergency material scheduling. Secondly, this paper studies the emergency material scheduling problem under the condition of data determination, and proposes a single objective model based on time-efficiency, economy and security, and a multi-objective model is established on this basis. The linear weighted sum method is used to optimize the model. Thirdly, in order to make the model closer to reality, considering the influence of uncertain factors, such as weather, road condition, insufficient information and so on, in the case of uncertain demand, transportation time and transportation cost per unit material, The multi-objective model in uncertain environment is established, and then the relevant theory of uncertain programming is given to solve the model, and the validity of the model and algorithm is verified by case study.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D63;F224;F251

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