国有垄断行业高收入问题及其治理研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 12:04

本文选题：国有垄断 + 高收入　；参考：《江西财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在对收入分配公平与否的相关概念、评价标准及其与产权安排的关系进行分析的基础上,从静态和动态两个方面定量地分析了国有垄断行业高收入的现状,并阐述了高收入将会给我国经济社会带来的一系列负面影响。之后,总结归纳了可能造成国有垄断行业高收入的两个重要因素：国有垄断和所有者缺位,并对其进行了实证检验。根据理论分析与实证结果,对于如何改善国有垄断行业的高收入问题提出了相应的治理对策。具体的内容与结论如下。首先,关于当前国有垄断行业高收入的现状及其影响。分析结果显示,国有垄断行业的平均工资无论在绝对量上还是在增长速度上均远远超过全国平均工资及低收入行业平均工资。不仅如此,国有垄断行业还存在着名目繁多的工资外收入。这种高收入属于收入分配不公平,其破坏了收入分配原则,削弱了经济增长动力,威胁了和谐社会的构建。其次,关于国有垄断行业高收入形成机制的理论分析。本文认为,无论是盈利还是亏损的国有垄断行业,或者由于高额垄断利润或者由于特殊的财政补贴,行业内均有巨额资金留存,这是实现高收入的前提条件。而所有者缺位带来的产权主体虚置和管理、约束、激励机制不完善的问题造成了行业内“共享式”的分配机制,将本该归全民所有的垄断利润瓜分,异化为行业内员工的高收入和高福利,这是实现高收入的必要条件。国有垄断和所有者缺位是国有垄断行业高收入形成的两个重要原因,缺一不可。再次,关于国有垄断行业高收入形成机制的实证分析。本文通过区分不同的所有制形式和不同的市场结构,实证检验了以上的理论分析。分析结果表明,垄断和所有制同时对收入产生了影响,且所有制的影响效果大于垄断的影响效果。也就是说,通过所有制和垄断两个因素的交互,企业被分为了四种类型,其工资水平从高到低排序为：国有垄断行业、国有非垄断行业、非国有垄断行业、非国有非垄断行业。最后,关于国有垄断行业高收入问题的治理对策。本文提出,一是要放松规制强化竞争机制,主要方式有科学界定自然垄断行业中不同业务的性质和改革行政审批制度；二是要发展混合所有制,主要方式有优化国有企业产权和重组国有经济内部产权。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the related concepts, evaluation criteria and the relationship between income distribution fairness and property rights arrangement, this paper quantitatively analyzes the current situation of high income in state-owned monopoly industry from static and dynamic aspects. And elaborated the high income will bring the series of negative influence to our country economy and society. Then, two important factors which may cause the high income of the state-owned monopoly industry: the absence of the state-owned monopoly and the owner are summarized and tested empirically. According to the theoretical analysis and empirical results, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures to improve the high income of the state-owned monopoly industry. The specific contents and conclusions are as follows. First of all, about the current state-owned monopoly industry high-income status and its impact. The results show that the average salary of the state-owned monopoly industry is far higher than the national average wage and the average wage of the low income industry in both absolute quantity and growth rate. Not only that, the state-owned monopoly industry also has a variety of wage income. This kind of high income belongs to the unfair income distribution, which destroys the principle of income distribution, weakens the motive force of economic growth and threatens the construction of harmonious society. Secondly, the theoretical analysis on the formation mechanism of high income in state-owned monopoly industry. This paper holds that there is a huge amount of capital retained in the state-owned monopoly industry, whether it is profit or loss, or because of high monopoly profit or special financial subsidy, which is the prerequisite for realizing high income. However, the imperfections of property rights, management, constraints and incentive mechanisms brought about by the absence of owners have resulted in a "shared" distribution mechanism in the industry, which should have been divided into monopolistic profits owned by the whole people. Dissimilation is the necessary condition to achieve high income and high benefits for employees in the industry. State-owned monopoly and the absence of owners are two important reasons for the formation of high income in state-owned monopoly industries. Thirdly, the empirical analysis on the formation mechanism of high income in state-owned monopoly industry. By distinguishing different forms of ownership and different market structures, this paper empirically tests the above theoretical analysis. The results show that both monopoly and ownership have influence on income, and the effect of ownership is greater than that of monopoly. That is to say, through the interaction of ownership and monopoly, enterprises are divided into four types, the wage level is ranked from high to low: state-owned monopoly industry, state-owned non-monopoly industry, non-state-owned non-monopoly industry. Finally, regarding the state-owned monopoly industry high income question's management countermeasure. This paper puts forward that, first, we should relax regulations and strengthen the competitive mechanism, mainly by scientifically defining the nature of different businesses in natural monopoly industries and by reforming the administrative examination and approval system, and second, by developing mixed ownership. The main ways are to optimize the property rights of state-owned enterprises and reorganization of the internal property rights of the state-owned economy.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.24

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