城市突发事件应急物流定位—路径研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 09:56

本文选题：突发事件 + 应急物流　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的不断推进，城市的人口、财产以及地铁、供水、供电等生命线工程越来越密集，一旦发生突发事件，将会严重损害人民的生命安全和财产安全。突发事件发生后，为了有效减少损失，提高应急救援效率，如何科学合理的确定应急物流系统中的应急物流配送中心选址问题和规划安排应急救援物资运输路线问题成为灾后应急救援应解决的重要问题，也是当前应急物流研究的关键问题。针对此，本文从集成化角度对应急物流定位-路径问题进行了一些研究。本文以构建突发事件下应急救援的应急物流定位-路径问题模型为主线，分析了应急物流和应急物流定位-路径问题的国内外研究现状以及当前存在的问题，概括了应急物流的特点、运作流程以及应急物流涉及的关键技术，突出了应急物流有别于一般商业物流，并指出了影响实际应急救援效率的关键因素之一是灾后物资的配送速度，同时，对应急物流定位-路径问题进行了定义。由于应急物流定位-路径问题模型的构建涉及到应急物流配送系统中所包含的各个环节，因此，本文重点分析了应急物流配送网络所涉及的各个关键因素，并重点分析应急物流配送中心选址和应急救援物资路线安排的影响因素，确定了构建应急物流定位-路径问题模型的主要约束条件为信息约束、时间约束以及资源约束等。结合突发时间后应急救援的实际目的，本文构建的模型选取的是配送时间最短和救援成本最低双目标体系，并以配送时间最短为主要目标。在确定模型目标、约束条件后，本文通过定量与定性相结合的方法，建立了应急物流定位-路径问题的数学模型，，模型中考虑到了突发事件后受灾区物资需求的模糊性和受灾区应急救援的时间容忍度，并设计了双目标混合遗传禁忌算法对模型进行求解。最后，以深圳市为背景，模拟应用了所构建的模型和设计的算法，并分析了在应用过程中出现的问题，提出了一些优化应急物流的建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in China, urban population, property, subway, water supply, power supply and other lifeline projects are becoming more and more intensive. Once a sudden event occurs, it will seriously damage the safety of people's lives and property. In order to effectively reduce losses and improve the efficiency of emergency rescue, How to scientifically and reasonably determine the location of emergency logistics distribution center and arrange the transportation route of emergency relief materials in emergency logistics system becomes an important problem that should be solved in post-disaster emergency rescue. It is also the key problem in the research of emergency logistics. In view of this, this paper studies the location-path problem of emergency logistics from the angle of integration. Based on the construction of emergency logistics location-path problem model for emergency rescue, this paper analyzes the domestic and foreign research status and existing problems of emergency logistics and emergency logistics location-path problem. The characteristics of emergency logistics, operation process and key technologies involved in emergency logistics are summarized, and the difference between emergency logistics and general commercial logistics is highlighted. It is pointed out that one of the key factors affecting the efficiency of emergency rescue is the distribution speed of materials after the disaster. At the same time, the location-path problem of emergency logistics is defined. As the construction of the emergency logistics location-path problem model involves all the links in the emergency logistics distribution system, this paper focuses on the analysis of the key factors involved in the emergency logistics distribution network. The factors influencing the location of emergency logistics distribution center and the route arrangement of emergency relief materials are analyzed, and the main constraints of constructing the model are information constraint, time constraint and resource constraint. Combined with the practical purpose of emergency rescue after emergency, the model constructed in this paper selects the two-objective system of the shortest delivery time and the lowest rescue cost, and takes the shortest distribution time as the main target. After determining the objectives and constraints of the model, this paper establishes a mathematical model of the location-path problem of emergency logistics through the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The fuzziness of material demand and the time tolerance of emergency rescue are considered in the model, and a hybrid genetic Tabu algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, taking Shenzhen as the background, the model and the design algorithm are simulated and applied, and the problems in the application process are analyzed, and some suggestions for optimizing emergency logistics are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D63;F252

【参考文献】