利益分化—一项对建筑工地劳资问题的研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 18:25

【摘要】：本文主要关注建筑工地内的利益分化问题、包工头的地位问题以及由二者牵引出的劳资问题。通过采取非结构访谈与田野研究相结合的方法，笔者对建筑业三类从业人员进行了较为深入的研究，这些研究一部分在H城市的G工地中进行，通过对G工地进行长时间的观察和走访，获得了丰富的田野资料；一部分在S城市的出租屋内进行，笔者利用春节前后的时间与相关受访者进行了多次交谈；另一部分则是利用语音电话或互联网进行远程访谈获取资料。通过实地调研和深入访谈，本文试图说明，在阶段性生产过程中，建筑工地是一个一体化的生产体系；虽然此时工地上各利益团体存在着摩擦和冲突，但整个工地生产是一个有机结合的整体。随着工地生产的阶段性变化，工地上的劳资双方及其内部的利益逐渐分化；同时，在工地生产的不同阶段，包工头在劳资双方的合作与对抗中，分别展现出不同的姿态。包工头作为资方代表的这种角色往往能被我们认识和理解，而包工头的劳方形象却容易被我们忽略。在工地劳资利益的格局体系中，由于受到资本上游的层层剥削，包工头往往身处资方利益圈的低层。在工地生产过程中，作为资方管理者的包工头调解着日常化的劳资冲突，劳资对立的双方主要表现为包工头/班组长与工人之间的对立；随着包工头自己所承包的工程完工，工程款的被拖欠，，其站在劳方的立场上与工人一起对抗资本的角色逐渐显露出来，这种角色的转换进而加速着劳资矛盾的激化、讨薪事件的发展。因此，工地上的利益形态并不是简单的表现为劳资二元形态，其具有内在的复杂性，这要求我们在看待建筑工地上的利益关系和劳资问题的时候应具有多元的眼光。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly pays attention to the problem of interest differentiation in construction site, the position of contractor and the labor problem drawn by them. By adopting the method of combining unstructured interview with field research, the author has carried out more in-depth research on three types of workers in the construction industry, some of which have been carried out in the G site of H City. Through a long time observation and visit to G site, abundant field information was obtained, part of which was carried out in the rental house of S city, the author used the time before and after the Spring Festival to talk with the interviewees concerned many times. The other part is the use of voice telephone or the Internet for remote interviews to obtain information. Through field research and in-depth interviews, this paper attempts to explain that construction sites are an integrated production system in the phased production process, although there are frictions and conflicts among various interest groups on the site at this time. But the whole site production is an organic combination of the whole. Along with the stage change of the site production, the labor and management parties on the site and their internal interests are gradually divided. At the same time, in the different stages of the site production, the contractor presents different postures in the cooperation and confrontation between the employers and the employees. This role of the contractor as the representative of the management is often recognized and understood by us, but the image of the contractor is easy to be ignored. In the pattern system of labor and capital benefit on the site, the contractor is often in the lower level of the benefit circle of the management because of the exploitation of the upstream of the capital. In the course of site production, the contractor, as the manager of the management side, mediates the daily labor conflicts, and the two sides of the labor opposition mainly show the opposition between the contractor / team leader and the workers; as the contractor completes the project contracted by the contractor himself, Due to the default of construction money, its role of fighting capital together with workers on the stand of labor is gradually revealed, and the transformation of this role accelerates the intensification of labor conflicts and the development of pay-for-pay events. Therefore, the interest form on the construction site is not simply a dualistic form of labor and management, which has the inherent complexity, which requires us to have a pluralistic view when we look at the interest relationship and labor problems on the construction site.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.92;F249.24

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