劳动力市场性别不平等与反歧视政策研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 16:03

【摘要】：本文在存在性别歧视的劳动力市场中研究了要求同工同酬和保障就业平等的政策效应。分析表明,这两种政策都不是帕累托改进的政策,要求同工同酬和保障就业平等的政策效应介于自由市场和仅要求同工同酬政策之间,缓解了后者对不同人力资本水平女性工人的不平衡影响。结合中国家庭动态跟踪调查数据的数值模拟表明,仅要求同工同酬只能改善38.7%的女性工人福利,而要求同工同酬和保障就业平等的政策组合的负面影响较小。因此,为保证女性工人权益,这两种政策必须同时到位。特别是在工人脑力劳动和体力劳动替代弹性较高或市场利率较低时,仅要求同工同酬政策的负面影响较大,此时如果不能同时保障就业平等,那么自由市场反而是更好的选择。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the policy effects of equal pay for equal work and employment equality in the labor market where gender discrimination exists. The analysis shows that neither of these policies is Pareto's improved policy, and that the policy effect of equal pay for equal work and guarantee of equality in employment is somewhere between the free market policy and the policy of requiring equal pay for work of equal value only. Alleviates the latter to the different human capital level female worker's imbalance influence. The numerical simulation of Chinese household dynamic tracking data shows that only equal pay for equal work can only improve the welfare of 38.7% of female workers, while the negative impact of the policy combination of equal pay for equal work and guarantee of equal employment equality is relatively small. Therefore, in order to guarantee the rights and interests of women workers, these two policies must be put in place at the same time. Especially when the flexibility of mental and manual labor substitution is high or the market interest rate is low, the negative effect of equal pay policy is greater. If employment equality cannot be guaranteed at the same time, then the free market is a better choice.
【作者单位】：暨南大学经济学院;北京大学光华管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(编号14YJC790040) 广东省哲学社会科学“十二五”规划2014年度项目(编号GD14YYJ04) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目暨南远航计划(编号15 JNYH005)的资助北京大学“985”项目资助
【分类号】：C913.68;F249.2

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