中国城乡发展一体化评价指标体系构建及水平测度

发布时间：2018-09-05 20:25

【摘要】：改革开放以来,随着经济的快速增长,我国城乡面貌日新月异,然而在城市偏向的发展路径下,城市建设远远快于农村地区,城乡差距越来越成为进一步发展的阻碍,三农问题日益受到重视,而城乡发展一体化是解决三农问题的根本途径。从经济社会发展规律和发达家的发展经验来看,城乡融合将是我国未来城乡关系的发展总趋势,本文试图从实证角度来论证这一发展趋势。根据已有关于城乡发展一体化水平评价的研究,本文构建了包含三个指标层次、五个方面指标和36个基础指标的城乡发展一体化评价指标体系,运用两步主成分分析法,对我国2000-2012年的城乡发展一体化水平以及2012年各省、各区域的城乡发展一体化水平进行了测度和分析。研究结果表明2000-2012年,我国城乡发展一体化水平以及空间、经济、社会、文化和生态环境五个方面指标的水平都呈现稳步上升的态势,城乡之间的整体差距在不断缩小,符合城乡融合的经济社会发展规律。2012年,我国各省之间的城乡发展一体化水平差距较大,呈现直辖市(如上海、北京、天津)及东部经济发达省份(如浙江、江苏、广东)的发展水平高,西部偏远、经济落后的省份(如云南、甘肃、新疆)发展水平低的态势。同时,城乡发展一体化水平在东、中、西部及东北地区也存在显著差异,其中东部地区不论是城乡发展一体化总水平还是各方面指标的水平都遥遥领先于其他地区。城乡发展一体化水平的提高主要得益于社会保障体系的完善、交通通信建设的进步和非农产业的快速发展,而农村地区投资不足、农民消费能力过低限制了城乡发展一体化水平的提高。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of the economy, the appearance of urban and rural areas in China is changing with each passing day. However, under the development path of urban bias, urban construction is far faster than in rural areas, and the gap between urban and rural areas is becoming more and more obstacles to further development. More and more attention has been paid to the issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers, and the integration of urban and rural development is the fundamental way to solve the problem. According to the law of economic and social development and the development experience of developed countries, the integration of urban and rural areas will be the general trend of the future urban-rural relations in China. This paper attempts to demonstrate this trend from an empirical point of view. According to the existing research on the evaluation of urban-rural development integration level, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of urban-rural development integration, which includes three index levels, five indicators and 36 basic indicators, and applies two-step principal component analysis. This paper measures and analyzes the level of urban-rural development integration in China from 2000 to 2012 and the level of urban-rural development integration in all provinces and regions in 2012. The results show that from 2000 to 2012, the level of integration of urban and rural development and the level of spatial, economic, social, cultural and ecological environment indicators all show a steady upward trend, and the overall gap between urban and rural areas is narrowing. In 2012, the level of urban-rural integration between provinces in China has a large gap, showing that municipalities directly under the Central Government (such as Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin) and the eastern economically developed provinces (such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, China), Guangdong has a high level of development and a low level of development in remote and economically backward provinces such as Yunnan, Gansu, and Xinjiang. At the same time, the integration level of urban and rural development in the east, middle, western and northeast areas also exist significant differences, in which the eastern region is far ahead of other regions in terms of the overall level of urban-rural development integration and the level of indicators in all aspects. The improvement of the level of integration of urban and rural development is mainly due to the improvement of social security system, the progress of traffic and communication construction and the rapid development of non-agricultural industries, and the insufficient investment in rural areas. The low consumption capacity of farmers limits the improvement of the level of integration of urban and rural development.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.2

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