芦山县食品安全存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 21:49

【摘要】：本文以芦山县地震后的食品安全情况为研究对象,通过调查研究了城区以及农村地区的食品生产、经营单位的食品安全现状,在资料收集的基础上,采用理论联系实际和举例的研究方法,通过实地调查走访了45个食品企业,对芦山县食品安全的现状、食品行业的分布和构成情况、食品安全存在的问题进行综合分析研究,得出以下结论：(1)芦山县的食品安全现状是：芦山县先后经历了2008年的“5.12”和2013年的“4.20”地震,经济正在快速的恢复和发展中,随着灾后重建的恢复,新的县城、新的产品格局都已逐渐成形,由于全县的食品行业发展迅猛,食品生产加工小作坊、小摊贩、食品联锁店、超市、快餐店越来越多,由于全县人口少、农村人口多的特点,全县的食品企业主要还是“小、散、乱”,再加上旅游业的发展,农村坝坝宴的举行频繁等原因,导致全县的食品安全监管点多、面广。(2)全县食品安全存在的主要问题是：全县食品安全监管人员缺乏,执法装备差,食品安全检验检测设备落后,各执法部门由于执法职责和分工,存在执法监管盲区、空白和监管死角；食品企业从业人员法律意识淡薄,企业的管理不规范,没有企业内部严格管理制度、食品卫生管理制度和操作流程来规范企业的管理和员工行为；全县农村聚餐频繁,人数多,范围广,加工场所简陋、卫生条件差、宴会厨师及帮工食品安全意识差,存在较大的安全隐患；学校食堂就餐学生人数多,是食品安全监管的重点场所；全县食品行业总体规模小,设施设备不完善,存在“小、散、乱”的特点,企业的防蝇、防尘、防鼠等“三防”设施和消毒保洁设施配备得不齐全,卫生状况差；全县各食品安全监管部门和各乡镇还没有形成统一完善的食品安全协调机制,食品安全综合协调和部门的监管和宣传工作不到位。(3)要改善全县食品安全现状,只有从政府层面、企业层面、人民群众等各方面入手,全面考虑涉及食品安全的方方面面,加强组织领导,构建“统一领导、部门协调、互相支持、齐抓共管”的食品安全监管新局面,切实把食品安全监管的政府责任落到实处；加快食品安全事故应急体系建设,建立起包括乡镇的食品安全应急联动机制,提高全县食品安全事件应急处置能力；加强行业自律,要求食品企业进一步建立健全食品安全管理等相关规章制度,规范企业管理和操作流程；围绕重点区域学校、农贸市场、旅游沿线,针对地沟油、问题奶粉、肉类、酒类等重点品种,开展了一系列专项检查；加强对执法人员、企业和食品从业人员的法律、法规、食品安全知识培训等的培训,强化食品生产经营单位第一责任人的意识,才能确保全县食品安全形势总体稳定。
[Abstract]:Taking the food safety situation after the earthquake in Lushan County as the research object, the present situation of food safety in food production and management units in urban and rural areas was investigated, and based on the data collection, By using the method of combining theory with practice and giving examples, 45 food enterprises were visited through field investigation. The present situation of food safety, the distribution and composition of food industry, and the existing problems of food safety in Lushan County were comprehensively analyzed and studied. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the current situation of food safety in Lushan County is that Lushan County has experienced the earthquake of "5.12" in 2008 and "4.20" in 2013, and the economy is recovering and developing rapidly. The new product pattern has gradually taken shape. Due to the rapid development of the food industry throughout the county, food production and processing workshops, small vendors, food interlocking shops, supermarkets and fast food restaurants are becoming more and more common. Due to the small population of the whole county and the large rural population, Food enterprises throughout the county are mainly "small, scattered and chaotic." coupled with the development of tourism and the frequent holding of dam banquets in rural areas, there are many food safety supervision points throughout the county. (2) the main problems of food safety in the whole county are: the lack of food safety supervisors, the poor equipment of law enforcement, the backward inspection and detection equipment of food safety, and the existence of blind areas for law enforcement supervision by the law enforcement departments due to their responsibilities and division of labor. The legal consciousness of the employees of food enterprises is weak, the management of enterprises is not standardized, and there is no strict management system within enterprises, food hygiene management system and operation flow to standardize the management and employee behavior of enterprises; In the whole county, the number of rural dinners is frequent, the number of people is large, the range is wide, the processing place is simple, the hygiene condition is poor, the food safety consciousness of banquet cooks and helpers is poor, there are great hidden dangers of safety, the number of students eating in the school canteen is large, It is the key place of food safety supervision, the overall scale of the food industry in the whole county is small, facilities and equipments are not perfect, there are the characteristics of "small, scattered and chaotic", the enterprises' anti-fly and dust-proof, The "three prevention" facilities such as rodent control and disinfection, cleaning and cleaning facilities are not fully equipped and in poor sanitary conditions; the food safety supervision departments and the township and town authorities in the whole county have not yet formed a unified food safety coordination mechanism. The comprehensive coordination of food safety and the supervision and publicity work of the departments are not in place. (3) to improve the present situation of food safety throughout the county, only from the government level, the enterprise level, the people and so on, all aspects of food safety should be comprehensively considered. Strengthen organizational leadership, build a new situation of "unified leadership, coordination of departments, mutual support, and joint management" of food safety supervision, effectively implement the government responsibility for food safety supervision, and speed up the construction of an emergency system for food safety accidents, To establish a food safety emergency linkage mechanism, including villages and towns, to improve the emergency handling capacity of food safety incidents throughout the county, to strengthen industry self-discipline, and to require food enterprises to further establish and improve food safety management and other relevant rules and regulations, Standardizing enterprise management and operation procedures; conducting a series of special inspections around key regional schools, farmers' markets, tourist routes, and key varieties such as gutter oil, problem milk powder, meat, alcohol, etc.; and strengthening law enforcement personnel, In order to ensure the overall stability of the food safety situation in the whole county, enterprises and food workers should be trained in laws, regulations, food safety knowledge training, and the awareness of the first responsible person of the food production and management units should be strengthened in order to ensure the overall stability of the food safety situation in the whole county.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F203

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