广东省质监局工业产品质量行政许可问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 11:04

【摘要】：改革开放三十年以来，我国的经济结构和社会结构已经发生了重大的变化，随着我国经济实力的不断增强，人民生活水平的日益提高，国家及人民群众对产品质量的关注已经到了新的高度，而质监部门作为产品质量监管的主要职能部门之一，对产品质量监管的主要措施有实行行政许可市场准入和证后监督、实施产品质量监督抽查、打击假冒伪劣活动、提升质量管理水平、推进标准化战略实施等等，其中行政许可作为产品质量监管的重要手段之一，在工业产品安全监管、食品安全监管、特种设备安全监管、计量器具质量监管许可等方面都占有主要地位。但是从近年广东省食品安全状况、产品质量监督抽查状况、特种设备安全形势状况的数据来看，产品质量仍存在着不可回避的问题，例如食品中添加非法原料，部分企业质量意识不高、偷工减料，特种设备维保单位违规操作等，这为产品质量监管带来沉重的压力，因此有必要再次审视当前行政许可制度是否存在监管漏洞，该从哪些方面进行改进。全文分为五个部分，第一部分为绪论，简述了问题提出的背景、意义，对国内外研究人员对产品质量监管的理论观点进行梳理，为后文的分析提供理论依据；第二部分是介绍行政许可的主要概念以及广东省质监局行政许可的分类及特点。第三部分对广东省质监局行政许可工作的现状分析，按照行政许可工作的特点，进行两段式的研究，首先通过对行政许可前，，即行政许可审查进行分析，发掘出影响审查合格率的产业集群问题、审查过于细节化问题；然后对行政许可后，即对证后监管进行分析，指出证后监督中年检形同虚设、监督抽查效率低问题；第四部分通过文献研究，对国内外质量管理部门的经验采取借鉴；第五部分结合国内外经验，融合国内的实际情况，提出完善广东省质监局行政许可工作、提高行政许可工作有效性的对策，一是从审查条件、审查程序、责任追究三方面进行制度设计来实现提高审查合格率，二是提出年检制度改革和“生产者——销售者——消费者”共同体管理模式的设计来实现证后监管的目标。第六部分对本文作出总结，并提出下一步待解决的问题。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up three decades ago, great changes have taken place in the economic and social structure of our country. With the increasing economic strength of our country, the living standards of the people are improving day by day. The state and the people have reached a new level of concern for product quality. As one of the main functional departments of product quality supervision, the quality supervision departments have carried out administrative licensing, market access and post-certification supervision as the main measures for product quality supervision. Implement product quality supervision and spot check, crack down on fake and shoddy activities, improve the quality management level, promote the implementation of the standardized strategy, etc. Among these, administrative licenses, as one of the important means of product quality supervision, are used in industrial product safety supervision. Food safety supervision, special equipment safety supervision, measuring instruments quality regulatory permission are the main position. However, judging from the data on the food safety situation in Guangdong Province in recent years, the situation of product quality supervision and spot check, and the safety situation of special equipment, there are still unavoidable problems in product quality, such as the addition of illegal raw materials to food. Some enterprises have low quality consciousness, jerry-building, illegal operation of special equipment maintenance and protection units, and so on, which bring heavy pressure to product quality supervision. Therefore, it is necessary to re-examine whether the current administrative license system has any regulatory loopholes. Where to improve? The paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, briefly introduces the background and significance of the question, combs the theoretical views of domestic and foreign researchers on product quality supervision, and provides the theoretical basis for the following analysis; The second part introduces the main concepts of the administrative license and the classification and characteristics of the administrative license of Guangdong quality Supervision Bureau. The third part analyzes the current situation of the administrative license work of Guangdong Provincial quality Supervision Bureau. According to the characteristics of the administrative license work, it carries out a two-paragraph study. First of all, it analyzes the administrative license before, that is, the administrative license examination. Find out the problem of industrial cluster which affects the qualified rate of examination, examine the problem of too detailed, and then analyze the administrative license, that is, the supervision after the certificate, point out that the annual inspection in the post-certificate supervision is empty, and the efficiency of the supervision spot check is low; The fourth part through the literature research, takes the domestic and foreign quality management department experience to use for reference; the fifth part unifies the domestic and foreign experience, the fusion domestic actual situation, proposed consummates the Guangdong quality supervision bureau administrative license work, The countermeasures to improve the effectiveness of administrative licensing work are: first, to design the system from three aspects of examination condition, review procedure and accountability to improve the qualification rate of examination, The second is to put forward the reform of annual inspection system and the design of "producer-seller-consumer" community management model to achieve the goal of post-certificate supervision. The sixth part summarizes this paper and puts forward the problems to be solved next.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F203

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