我国食品安全监管体系完善问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 10:52

【摘要】：胡锦涛同志在党的十八大报告中提出：“必须以保障和改善民生为重点，解决好人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题，努力让人民过上更好生活。”食品安全与人民群众生命健康密切相关。食品安全与否直接决定着人民群众的生活水平和生活质量，关系到整个社会的和谐稳定以及经济的平稳发展，是民生问题的重中之重。然而近年来屡次发生的国内食品安全危机事件，引起了全国亿万人民的关注。本文以此为背景，将研究重点放在食品安全监管体系完善问题之上，分别从国内外食品安全监管相关理论、我国食品安全监管体系所面临的主要问题、美、德、日三国食品监管成功经验的比较及相应启示、完善我国食品安全监管体系的对策建议四个方面加以论述。本文首先从食品安全监管的相关理论切入，意在对我国现存的食品安全监管问题进行深入剖析，解析食品安全危机问题成因和特征，继而分层次论述现行政府监管体制和监管条件下，食品安全监管体系建构过程中，所应解决的重点问题。从政府和市场主体两个维度出发，划分责任。笔者认为。就建立健全食品信息监管机制、建立健全食品召回制度、建立健全相关食品安全监管制度及评价标准而言，政府作为监管主体责无旁贷，而从市场监控层面上看，运用HACCP体系、条型码技术、物联网技术保障食品安全为企业之责，然而现实中运用相关技术的食品企业为数不多，且食品企业信息公开和透明原则也未被严格遵守与自觉执行，食品企业自我管理、自我监督、自我解决能力比较薄弱，二者之间并未形成食品安全监管力量的协调与配合，导致食品安全监管体系运作较为低效，消费者权益难以得到保障。其次，笔者通过对比与分析国外食品安全监管成功经验，透视这些成功经验背后的支撑要素和执行环境，并从中获得相应的启示。鉴于国外食品安全监管起步早、体制成熟，我国应有重点、有区别的吸取国外先进经验，以充实和完善我国食品安全监管体系。任何理论都要落实于实践之上，，为此笔者最后从市场与政府两个维度，提出完善我国食品安全监管体系的对策与建议，旨在实现我国食品安全监管资源的高效配置。
[Abstract]:Comrade Hu Jintao put forward in the report of the 18th National Congress of the Party: "We must focus on ensuring and improving the people's livelihood, solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the people, and strive for a better life for the people." Food safety is closely related to the life and health of the people. Food safety directly determines the living standard and quality of life of the people, relates to the harmony and stability of the whole society and the steady development of the economy, and is the most important issue of people's livelihood. However, in recent years, the domestic food safety crisis has caused the attention of hundreds of millions of people. Based on this background, this paper focuses on the improvement of food safety supervision system, respectively from the relevant theories of food safety supervision at home and abroad, the main problems faced by China's food safety regulatory system, the United States, Germany, the United States and Germany. The comparison of the successful experiences of food supervision in Japan and the corresponding enlightenment, and the countermeasures and suggestions for perfecting the food safety supervision system in China are discussed in this paper. In this paper, first of all, from the relevant theory of food safety supervision, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the existing problems of food safety supervision in China, and to analyze the causes and characteristics of food safety crisis. Then it discusses the key problems to be solved in the construction of food safety supervision system under the current government supervision system and supervision conditions. Starting from the two dimensions of the government and the market main body, the responsibility is divided. The author thinks. In terms of establishing and perfecting the food information supervision mechanism, establishing and perfecting the food recall system, establishing and perfecting the related food safety supervision system and evaluation standard, the government is duty-bound as the main body of supervision, and from the aspect of market monitoring, the HACCP system is used. Bar code technology and Internet of things technology to ensure food safety is the responsibility of enterprises. However, in reality, there are few food enterprises using relevant technologies, and the principles of information openness and transparency in food enterprises have not been strictly observed and conscientiously enforced. The ability of self-management, self-supervision and self-solving of food enterprises is relatively weak, and the coordination and cooperation of food safety supervision forces are not formed between the two, which leads to the inefficient operation of the food safety supervision system and the difficulty to protect the rights and interests of consumers. Secondly, by comparing and analyzing the successful experiences of foreign food safety supervision, the author analyzes the supporting factors and execution environment of these successful experiences, and obtains the corresponding enlightenment from them. In view of the foreign food safety supervision starts early, the system is mature, our country should focus, has the distinction to absorb the foreign advanced experience, in order to enrich and consummate our country food safety supervision system. Any theory should be carried out on the basis of practice. In the end, the author puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the food safety supervision system from the two dimensions of market and government, in order to realize the efficient allocation of food safety supervision resources in our country.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F203;D922.16

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