长江沿岸中心城市土地扩张时空演化特征——以宁汉渝3市为例

发布时间：2019-03-05 13:37

【摘要】：基于国家新型城镇化与"T"字型发展战略理论内涵,选取长江沿岸上、中、下游中心城市重庆、武汉和南京为实证研究对象,以1980、1990、2000、2010年4期遥感影像资料为基础数据源,通过RS、GIS和景观生态结合分析,分别对其城市扩张强度、城市扩张类型和城市建设用地扩张弹性进行对比分析,并采用景观指数进行了进一步分析和验证,从而系统分析了近30a来3个城市建设用地扩张的时空特征与内在机理。结果表明:(1)30a来,南京、武汉和重庆3市城市扩张强度均呈明显上升趋势,总体呈现南京市武汉市重庆市,但2000年是一个分水岭,之后重庆市城市扩张增速赶超武汉市,南京市反而增速最低;(2)对城市扩张类型分析表明,南京市始终以边缘式增长为主;武汉市在2000年之前以飞地式扩张主导,2000年之后呈现边缘式增长;重庆市以边缘式增长为主,但2000年之后飞地式增长迅速;(3)从城市建设用地扩张弹性分析表明,1980~2010年南京市土地扩张相比城市人口开始减缓,而武汉市和重庆市在2000年以后城市扩张速度远远超过城市人口增长速度;(4)景观指数验证分析结果显示,遥感分析、地理信息分析和景观生态分析的结合能够很好反映城市建设用地的扩张过程及演化特征。
[Abstract]:Based on the theoretical connotation of the national new urbanization and the "T" font development strategy, this paper chooses Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing as the empirical research objects, taking the remote sensing image data of 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010 as the basic data source, and selects the central cities of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the empirical research objects. Through the combination analysis of RS,GIS and landscape ecology, the intensity of urban expansion, the type of urban expansion and the elasticity of urban construction land expansion were compared and analyzed, and the landscape index was used to further analyze and verify the urban expansion intensity, urban expansion type and urban construction land expansion elasticity. Thus, the space-time characteristics and internal mechanism of the expansion of construction land in three cities in the past 30 years are analyzed systematically. The results are as follows: (1) in the past 30 years, the urban expansion intensity of Nanjing, Wuhan and Chongqing all showed an obvious upward trend, which generally presented that of Wuhan, Nanjing, but in 2000, it was a watershed. After that, the growth rate of urban expansion in Chongqing overtook that of Wuhan. On the contrary, Nanjing has the lowest growth rate; (2) according to the analysis of urban expansion types, Nanjing has always been dominated by marginal growth, Wuhan has been dominated by enclave expansion before 2000, and has shown marginal growth after 2000. The growth of Chongqing is mainly marginal, but after 2000, the growth of enclave is rapid. (3) according to the elastic analysis of urban construction land expansion, Nanjing's land expansion began to slow down compared with the urban population from 1980 to 2010, but the urban expansion speed of Wuhan and Chongqing after 2000 far exceeded the urban population growth rate; (4) the results of landscape index verification show that the combination of remote sensing analysis, geographic information analysis and landscape ecological analysis can well reflect the process and evolution of urban construction land expansion.
【作者单位】：南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;北京大学城市与环境学院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;南京大学建筑与城市规划学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278239;41501137) 北京大学-林肯研究中心2014-2015年度论文奖学金项目
【分类号】：F299.23

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