黑龙江省城镇化建设中生态环境保护问题研究

发布时间：2019-03-25 18:39

【摘要】：城镇化问题是我国经济社会发展的重大问题,是“十二五”期间的重要任务。近年来,随着我国城镇化的深入发展,农村的生产、生活环境得到了明显的改善和提高,城镇化建设也有了一定的成效,有力地推动了我国全面小康社会和现代化建设的发展。但长期以来,随着城镇化的发展,人们更加关注经济的发展而忽略了生态环境的保护,只重视经济效益而忽视了环境效益和社会效益。城镇化迅速发展的过程中,我国农村生态环境遭受着巨大挑战。越来越多的生态环境问题摆在我们面前,农村生态环境日益恶化,严重地影响和制约着城镇化的可持续发展和农村经济发展的潜力,给人们的生产、生活,乡镇的生存、发展乃至国家的环境安全都造成了极大的威胁。黑龙江省作为中国的农业大省,不断地探索农村城镇化发展与改革的实践,城镇化水平走在全国前列。然而,在快速发展城镇化的过程中,农村的生态环境遭受着严重的破坏,环境污染已经威胁到农产品的食用安全、农民的身体健康,阻碍了农村经济增长的速度。因此,农村生态环境保护应得到政府和社会的重视。基于以上背景,研究黑龙江省城镇化建设中的生态环境保护问题尤为重要。本文以黑龙江省城镇化建设中生态环境保护问题为研究对象,首先,介绍国内外城镇化建设中生态环境保护的经验与借鉴；其次,介绍黑龙江省城镇化概况及城镇化对黑龙江省生态环境的不利影响；再次,分析黑龙江省城镇化建设中生态环境保护的现状及目标：最后分析黑龙江省生态环境保护存在的问题并基于层次分析法(AHP)对造成黑龙江省生态环境保护问题的影响因素进行分析,得出政策问题是制约黑龙江省城镇化建设中生态环境保护问题的关键因素,其次分别是思想问题、管理问题和技术问题。基于以上分析,本文提出加强法制建设,建立健全生态环境保护法律法规；控制人口增长速度,加强环境保护宣传教育；建立完善农村生态补偿机制,加强农村生态环境保护力度等能够推进黑龙江省生态环境保护的对策建议。因此,期望本文的研究能对黑龙江省城镇化建设中生态环境保护问题提供理论指导和实践意义。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is a major issue in China's economic and social development and an important task during the Twelfth five-year Plan. In recent years, with the in-depth development of urbanization in China, the production of rural areas, the living environment has been significantly improved and improved, urbanization has also achieved some results, effectively promoting the development of China's all-round well-off society and modernization. But for a long time, with the development of urbanization, people pay more attention to the development of economy and ignore the protection of ecological environment, but only pay attention to the economic benefits but ignore the environmental and social benefits. With the rapid development of urbanization, China's rural ecological environment is subject to great challenges. More and more ecological environmental problems are facing us, and the rural ecological environment is deteriorating day by day, seriously affecting and restricting the sustainable development of urbanization and the potential of rural economic development, giving people's production, life and the survival of villages and towns. Development and even the country's environmental security have posed a great threat. Heilongjiang Province, as a major agricultural province in China, is constantly exploring the practice of rural urbanization development and reform, and the level of urbanization is at the forefront of the country. However, in the process of rapid development of urbanization, the ecological environment in rural areas has suffered serious damage, environmental pollution has threatened the food safety of agricultural products, the health of farmers, and hindered the speed of rural economic growth. Therefore, the protection of rural ecological environment should be attached importance to by the government and society. Based on the above background, it is very important to study the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province. This article takes the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province as the research object. Firstly, it introduces the experience and reference of the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction at home and abroad. Secondly, this paper introduces the general situation of urbanization in Heilongjiang Province and the adverse effects of urbanization on ecological environment in Heilongjiang Province. Again, The present situation and goal of ecological environment protection in urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province are analyzed. Finally, the existing problems of ecological environment protection in Heilongjiang Province are analyzed and based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP) to cause the ecological environment protection problem in Heilongjiang Province. Analysis of the influencing factors, It is concluded that the policy problem is the key factor restricting the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province, followed by the ideological problem, the management problem and the technical problem. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes to strengthen the construction of the legal system, establish and improve the laws and regulations of ecological and environmental protection, control the rate of population growth, strengthen the publicity and education of environmental protection; Establishing and perfecting the mechanism of rural ecological compensation and strengthening the protection of rural ecological environment can promote the countermeasures and suggestions of ecological environmental protection in Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, it is expected that the study of this paper can provide theoretical guidance and practical significance for ecological environment protection in urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X321;F299.21

【参考文献】