基于DSM的复杂产品项目工作分解结构优化研究

发布时间：2019-04-04 09:09

【摘要】：如今，学术界的项目管理理论正逐步向复杂产品系统（Complex Product Systems，简称CoPS）的项目管理和项目群管理的方向延伸。工作分解结构（Work BreakdownStructure，WBS）作为一种项目管理的重要工具，可以帮助企业以可交付成果（产品、资料和服务等）为导向进行工作层级分解，有效地支持计划、管理、协调等工作。云制造则为企业复杂产品项目管理的未来联盟发展提供了一种新的思路。因此，获得云制造环境下良好的工作分解结构（WBS），是开展以协作为基础的复杂产品项目管理的前提，而对企业WBS进行设计和优化，则是复杂产品项目管理过程中的一个至关重要的环节。为此，本文基于广泛的文献阅读，分析了复杂产品项目WBS形成与优化的需求，研究了云制造环境下WBS的形成路径及其影响因素，提出了一种基于DSM来对企业已形成的WBS进行优化的方法，构建了基于扩展后的DSM的企业WBS模型，旨在实现整个复杂产品项目工作分解效率的提高，避免成本增加、资源浪费、项目逾期等问题。首先，针对工作分解的基本需求、形成动力、形成保障三个维度分析了云制造环境下WBS的形成路径，构建了BKG模型，并依据问卷调查数据设定了形成路径各指标具体的权重参数；基于该研究成果，本文测评了部分制造企业的WBS形成能力，分析了其制约因素，给出了其未来形成WBS的建议；其次，在前文的研究基础上，基于DSM研究了WBS的优化方法，，阐述了基于行列变换的聚类划分方法，定义了任务之间的联系信息流量，开发了对已有聚类划分结果进行评估和择优的方法，运用了蒙特卡罗仿真模拟方法来求解在上述模型中，复杂产品项目在不同的工作分解结构聚类划分结果下所具有的联系信息流量总和，以获取最优的工作分解结构优化方案；最后，依据针对船舶行业企业WBS的现状调查问卷数据，验证了基于DSM的WBS模型建模、聚类划分、以及评估和择优的可行性，为今后在企业复杂产品项目管理过程中的实际应用提供了一种新的方法与思路。因此，本文所研究的基于DSM的复杂产品项目工作分解结构优化，对于分析云制造环境下企业的工作分解现状，促进实现联盟企业的战略化发展，提高复杂产品项目的工作分解效率，缩短项目周期具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the theory of project management in academia is gradually extending to the direction of project management and project group management of complex product system (Complex Product Systems,) and project group management (CoPS). The work breakdown structure (Work BreakdownStructure,WBS), as an important tool for project management, can help enterprises to work-level decomposition with deliverables (products, data, services, etc.) to effectively support planning, management, and so on. Coordinate work, etc. Cloud manufacturing provides a new idea for the future alliance development of enterprise complex product project management. Therefore, obtaining a good job decomposition structure (WBS), in cloud manufacturing environment is the premise of complex product project management based on collaboration, and the enterprise WBS is designed and optimized. It is a crucial link in the process of complex product project management. Therefore, based on extensive literature reading, this paper analyzes the requirements of complex product project WBS formation and optimization, and studies the path of WBS formation and its influencing factors in cloud manufacturing environment. This paper presents a method to optimize the WBS formed by enterprises based on DSM, and constructs an enterprise WBS model based on extended DSM, which aims at improving the efficiency of the work decomposition of the whole complex product project and avoiding the increase in cost and the waste of resources. The problem of the project being overdue. First of all, according to the basic requirements of job decomposition, forming power, forming guarantee three dimensions to analyze the formation path of WBS in cloud manufacturing environment, and construct the BKG model. According to the questionnaire data, the paper sets the specific weight parameters of each index of the formation path. Based on the research results, this paper assesses the forming ability of WBS in some manufacturing enterprises, analyzes the restricting factors, and gives some suggestions on how to form WBS in the future. Secondly, on the basis of the previous research, this paper studies the optimization method of WBS based on DSM, expounds the clustering partition method based on column-row transformation, and defines the information flow of the relationship between tasks. The method of evaluating and selecting the existing clustering results is developed, and the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to solve the above-mentioned model. The summation of contact information flow of complex product projects under different work decomposition structure clustering results, in order to obtain the optimal work decomposition structure optimization scheme; Finally, according to the questionnaire data of WBS, the paper verifies the feasibility of DSM-based WBS model modeling, clustering division, evaluation and merit selection. This paper provides a new method and train of thought for the practical application of complex product project management in the future. Therefore, the optimization of complex product project work decomposition structure based on DSM in this paper can analyze the present situation of enterprise job decomposition in cloud manufacturing environment, and promote the strategic development of alliance enterprises. It is instructive to improve the work decomposition efficiency and shorten the project cycle of complex product projects.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.2;F224

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