城镇化进程中农村留守妇女发展问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-12 01:31

【摘要】：改革开放充分释放了城市和和农村的生产力，城市需要大量的劳动力来加快其工业化、现代化进程，农村地区生产力水平的提高也产生了过剩的劳动力。为了谋求自身的生存发展和提高家庭经济水平，大量的农民进城务工。由于自身身体状况的优势和传统“男主外、女主内”观念的影响，在这一人口迁移浪潮中，男性农民占据多数，由于我国特殊的城乡二元制度，妻子只能留下来照顾家庭和进行农业生产，成为留守妇女。丈夫进城务工、妻子留守农村是为了实现家庭经济利益最大化而做出的无奈选择。我国早在2007年提出了要走新型城镇化道路的发展模式，党的十八大报告也提出了我国要坚持走中国特色的新型城镇化道路，现任国务院总理李克强同志认为新型城镇化是解决农村发展问题的根本出路。新型城镇化的核心是人的城镇化，，目标是实现人的全面发展。留守妇女作为农村地区家庭和公共活动的主要参与者，是我国当前社会主义新农村建设的主力军和城镇化进程的重要推动力量，没有留守妇女的发展，就谈不上人的全面发展，也就无法实现新型城镇化的发展目标。城镇化对于农村留守妇女来说是机遇与挑战并存。本文以马克思主义妇女发展相关理论和城镇化与妇女发展的辩证关系为理论基础，分析我国农村留守妇女的发展现状，通过对城镇化给农村留守妇女在经济领域、政治领域、文化领域、健康领域带来的有利改善和现阶段发展主要面临的发展困境、问题进行分析，总结留守妇女面临发展困境的主要原因，并结合妇女发展的目标来提出实现留守妇女发展建议性的对策。
[Abstract]:The reform and opening up has fully released the urban and rural productive forces, the city needs a large number of labor force to speed up its industrialization, modernization process, and the improvement of the productivity level in rural areas has also resulted in excess labor force. In order to seek their own survival and development and improve the economic level of the family, a large number of farmers go to work in the city. Due to the advantages of their own physical condition and the influence of the traditional concept of "male and female", male farmers occupy the majority in this wave of population migration. Because of the special urban-rural dual system in our country, the wife can only stay to take care of the family and carry on the agricultural production, and become the left-behind women. Husband enters the city to work, the wife stays in the countryside is to realize the family economic benefit maximization and makes the helpless choice. As early as 2007, China put forward the development mode of taking the new urbanization road, and the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) also put forward that our country should adhere to the new urbanization road with Chinese characteristics. Comrade Li Keqiang, the current premier of the State Council, believes that the new urbanization is the fundamental way to solve the problem of rural development. The core of the new urbanization is the urbanization of human beings, and the goal is to realize the all-round development of human beings. As the main participants in family and public activities in rural areas, left-behind women are the main force in the construction of new socialist countryside and an important driving force in the process of urbanization in our country. Without the development of left-behind women, we can not talk about the all-round development of human beings, and can not achieve the development goal of new urbanization. Urbanization is both opportunity and challenge for rural left-behind women. Based on the Marxist theory of women's development and the dialectical relationship between urbanization and women's development, this paper analyzes the present situation of the development of rural left-behind women in China, and analyzes the favorable improvements brought by urbanization to rural left-behind women in the economic, political, cultural and health fields, as well as the main development dilemmas and problems faced by the development at the present stage. This paper summarizes the main reasons why left-behind women are facing the development dilemma, and puts forward some countermeasures to realize the development of left-behind women according to the goal of women's development.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.21;D669.68

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