主观幸福感的经济学理论与实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 04:00

本文关键词：主观幸福感的经济学理论与实证研究　出处：《复旦大学》2009年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 主观幸福感(SWB)的研究是一个涉及伦理学、心理学、社会学等的跨学科领域。本文主要是从经济学的角度对SWB进行的研究，融合了心理学和行为科学的相关成果。以认知评价为主线，界定了影响幸福感的两大不同领域：显性领域和隐性领域，对主观幸福感(SWB)的理论分析框架进行了探索，用问卷调查获得的中国居民幸福感的第一手数据对本文的立论前提和主要理论结论进行了检验，也对中国人的SWB的生成机制和影响因素进行了深入剖析。本文将效用从经济学的“理性宫殿”拉回到真实的现实面前，结合人的神经心理活动机制，对SWB生成的神经心理过程进行了深刻的剖析，，证明SWB是比效用更科学更逼近人的真实行为选择的主观体验概念，经济学的效用理论应该从幸福的角度进行必要的拓展和修正。幸福研究对经济学产生重要影响的理论成果是“收入-幸福悖论”的发现，这一成果的公布引发了经济学幸福研究的兴趣，许多知名经济学家都对此倾注了心力。“幸福悖论”对经济学的深刻影响，使其成为经济学幸福研究无法绕过的内容，本文对“幸福悖论”的研究，是从博弈论的角度进行的，将“囚徒困境”博弈引入到人们对显性收入的攀比竞争的行为分析之中，较好地揭示了“幸福悖论”产生的内在机理。本文的最大特点是将人的神经心理活动规律纳入到SWB的经济理论分析之中，打破了经济学理性假设的铁律，力图沟通经济学、心理学与行为科学之间的联系，比较准确地刻画人们生活世界的真实情况。全篇以人的认知心理规律为主线，提取出幸福和效用分离的三大认知原因，把影响SWB的全部因子分为显性因子和隐性因子两大类，形成了本文的两分法研究思路。论文的最大创新在于以认知心理为基础导出了引致需求、饱和需求、纯粹需求等新概念，从需求的角度建立了边际幸福函数，这是本文找到的经济学幸福研究的理论突破口，是SWB经济理论体系建立的基础。运用边际幸福函数和边际效用函数的交叉图找到了现实生活中存在的却无法被人们清醒认识到的福祉损失(幸福损失)，进一步运用认知偏误幸福函数(Cognitive Bias Happiness Function，CBHF)对人们的认知心理偏差所带来的福祉损失进行了理论分析和实例验证。在实证部分，历时半年，对全国31个省市自治区的居民的幸福感状况进行了实地的问卷调查，获取了本文幸福研究的第一手数据，运用SPSS计量软件对数据进行了有序Logistic回归分析，本文理论部分的主要命题结论均获得了较好的验证。总之，本文以认知评价为主线，对幸福经济理论从概念体系到理论框架进行了构建。从中得到的主要结论有：幸福损失的发生主要是认知心理主导下的引致需求造成的。在SWB中，隐性因子的贡献要大于显性因子。在认知幸福感(CBH)中，显性因子的作用要大于隐性因子。这些结论都得到了实证的有效检验。
[Abstract]:Subjective Well - being ( SWB ) is a cross - disciplinary field involving ethics , psychology , sociology , etc . This paper focuses on the study of SWB from the perspective of economics , and combines the results of psychology and behavioral sciences . From the " rational palace " of economics back to the real reality , this paper deeply analyzes the neuropsychological process generated by SWB , and proves that SWB is the subjective experience concept which is more scientific and closer to human ' s real behavior choice . The utility theory of economics should be expanded and amended from the angle of happiness . The theoretical results of happiness research on economics have been the discovery of " income - happiness paradox " . The publication of this achievement has led to the interest of the research on economics happiness . Many famous economists have poured out the thought of " happiness paradox " . The study of " happiness paradox " is made from the perspective of game theory , and the " prisoner dilemma " game is introduced into the behavior analysis of people ' s climbing competition of dominant income , which reveals the inherent mechanism of " happiness paradox " . The main feature of this paper is to integrate the rules of neuropsychological activity into SWB ' s economic theory analysis , break the iron law of rational hypothesis of economics , try to communicate economics , psychology and behavioral sciences , and compare the real situation of people ' s living world . Based on the cognitive psychology , the paper derives the new concepts such as induced demand , saturated demand and pure demand , and establishes the marginal happiness function from the angle of demand . It is the basis for the development of SWB ' s economic theory system . The cross - graph of marginal happiness function and marginal utility function finds the loss of well - being ( loss of happiness ) which can ' t be recognized by people in real life . In the empirical part , the survey on the well - being of the residents of the 31 provinces and municipalities in the whole country was conducted for half a year , and the first hand data of the study was obtained . The data were analyzed by SPSS software . The main proposition conclusions of this paper were proved to be better . In conclusion , the paper constructs the theory of happiness economics from the conceptual system to the theoretical framework based on the cognitive evaluation . The main conclusions are as follows : The occurrence of the loss of happiness is mainly caused by cognitive psychological guidance . In SWB , the contribution of the recessive factor is greater than that of the dominant factor . In the cognitive well - being ( CBH ) , the dominant factor is greater than that of the recessive factor .

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F224;F0

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