到港船舶使用岸电的环境效益和经济效益研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 01:44

本文关键词： 港口船舶岸电环境效益经济效益　出处：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球海运业务的持续增长,由海洋运输工具造成的环境污染问题日益严重。因此,研究减少与控制由海运所带来的污染物排放的方法和技术对我国进一步可持续发展有着相当重要的意义。现有研究结果表明,2010年上海港船舶对上海市大气污染物总量的贡献主要集中在SO2、NOx,分别为12.0%、9.0%,对全市PM2.5的直接排放分担率为5.3%。远洋船是船舶排放的首要来源,其SO2、NOx和PM2.s排放量对全市排放清单的分担率分别达到11.59%、8.4%和5.1%。其中,远洋船的排放一半以上来自集装箱船。岸电技术是港口节能减排的有效措施。用城市电力对靠港船舶直接供电,对建设“资源节约型、环境友好型”港口具有重要意义。文章通过查阅大量国内外文献资料和对上海港靠港船舶实施岸电的情况进行调研和考察的基础上,着重介绍上海港目前所使用在集装箱码头的岸电技术。文中具体阐述了岸电技术的基本概念、关键技术和具体实施过程,并对集装箱船接用岸电的经济效益和环境效益进行计算和分析。结果表明,集装箱船使用岸电的经济效益与油价、电价息息相关。当重油(IF0380)价高于5092.59元/吨时,使用岸电的成本将低于使用重油发电的成本；当电价低于0.83元/kWh时,使用岸电的成本也将低于使用重油发电的成本。船舶使用岸电的环境效益十分明显,可以有效减少船舶辅机发电所产生的二氧化硫、氮氧化物、二氧化碳。据计算,一艘4250 TEU集装箱船停港期间如使用岸电可减少SOx排放1239.84kg/年,减少NOx排放2340kg/年,减少C02排放122940kg/年。2012年,上海港到港国际航行船舶达21030艘,其中30%为集装箱船,约有6309艘。如这些远洋集装箱船型都是4250TEU的集装箱船,停靠上海港期间停止使用辅机改用岸电,则这些集装箱船将减少SOx排放7822.2吨/年,减少NOx排放14763吨/年,减少C02排放775628.5吨/年,并且这些大气污染物并未从港区向电厂转移。文章最后,作者提出上海港推广使用岸电的优势以及需要解决的问题,并指出在全球应对气候变化、减少大气污染物排放的背景下,岸基船用供电技术的应用前景非常广阔。
[Abstract]:With the continuous growth of the global maritime transport business, the environmental pollution caused by marine transportation is becoming more and more serious. It is very important to study the methods and techniques of reducing and controlling pollutant emissions from marine transportation in China for further sustainable development. The existing research results show that in 2010, Shanghai Port ships contributed to the atmospheric pollutants in Shanghai. The contribution of the total amount is mainly concentrated in so _ 2N _ x, which are 12.0 and 9.0 respectively, and the direct emission sharing rate to the whole city's PM2.5 is 5.3.The ocean-going ship is the primary source of the ship's emissions. The contribution rates of so _ 2 no _ x and PM2.s emissions to the whole city's emission inventory are 11.5984% and 5.1%, respectively. Among them, more than half of the emissions from ocean-going vessels come from container ships. Shore electricity technology is an effective measure for energy saving and emission reduction in ports. It is of great significance to build a "resource-conserving, environment-friendly" port. Based on a large number of domestic and international literature and investigation and investigation of the implementation of shore electricity by ships in Shanghai Port, The paper emphatically introduces the onshore electricity technology used in container terminal in Shanghai Port. The basic concept, key technology and concrete implementation process of onshore electricity technology are described in detail in this paper. The results show that the economic benefit of onshore electricity used by container ship is closely related to oil price and electricity price. When the price of heavy oil is higher than 5092.59 yuan / ton, The cost of using onshore electricity will be lower than the cost of using heavy oil to generate electricity. When the electricity price is less than 0.83 yuan / kWh, the cost of using onshore electricity will also be lower than the cost of using heavy oil to generate electricity. It can effectively reduce the sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide produced by the auxiliary power generation of ships. It is calculated that the use of onshore electricity during the period of stopping port of a 4250 TEU container ship can reduce the emission of SOx and reduce the emission of NOx at 1239.84 kg / year and 2340 kg / year respectively. Reducing CO2 emissions 122940kg / year. In 2012, there were 21030 ships on international voyages from Shanghai Port to Hong Kong, of which 30% were container ships, and there were about 6309.If these ocean-going container vessels were all container ships of 4250TEU type, they would stop using auxiliary machines and switch to onshore electricity during the port of Shanghai. Then these container ships will reduce SOx emissions by 7822.2 tons per year, NOx emissions by 14763 tons per year, CO2 emissions by 775628.5 tons per year, and these atmospheric pollutants have not been transferred from port areas to power plants. The author puts forward the advantages of Shanghai Port in popularizing the use of onshore electricity and the problems to be solved, and points out that in the context of global response to climate change and reduction of atmospheric pollutant emissions, the application prospect of shore-based marine power supply technology is very broad.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U653.95;F552

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